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基于2013年、2015年和2017年星载BDS/GPS观测数据的FY-3C卫星精密轨道确定
Xingxing Li, Keke Zhang, Xiangguang Meng, Wei Zhang, Qian Zhang, Xiaohong Zhang, Xin Li
工程（英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (8) : 904-912.
PDF(2836 KB)
PDF(2836 KB)
基于2013年、2015年和2017年星载BDS/GPS观测数据的FY-3C卫星精密轨道确定
Precise Orbit Determination for the FY-3C Satellite Using Onboard BDS and GPS Observations from 2013, 2015, and 2017
本文基于2013—2017年FY-3C卫星星载BDS和GPS观测数据，研究了星载BDS的定轨性能及其对低轨卫星精密定轨的贡献。结果显示，改正BDS卫星码偏差可以提高低轨卫星定轨精度，提升幅度可达12.4%。2013年、2015年和2017年的FY-3C卫星单GPS定轨的重叠轨道差异平均一维均方根（1D RMS）分别为2.0 cm、1.7 cm和1.5 cm。由于BDS二代区域系统和FY-3C较少的BDS跟踪通道，FY-3C卫星单BDS定轨的精度要远差于单GPS定轨，其2013年、2015年和2017年重叠轨道1D RMS分别为150.9 cm、115.0 cm和47.4 cm。对于BDS+GPS (GC)双系统定轨，FY-3C卫星在2013年、2015年和2017年的重叠轨道精度分别为2.5 cm、2.3 cm和1.6 cm。当不采用BDS GEO卫星观测值后，GC双系统定轨精度得到了显著提高，这是因为GEO卫星本身卫星跟踪条件较差且其轨道钟差产品精度不高。得益于近年来IGS精密轨道钟差产品精度的不断提高，特别是2015年高采样率（30 s采样间隔）卫星钟差产品的发布，FY-3C卫星的单BDS和GC双系统定轨精度从2013年开始逐步提高。此外，在不考虑BDS GEO观测值的条件下，GC双系统定轨结果在2017年要略优于单GPS定轨，这一结果说明BDS和GPS双系统融合能够提高低轨卫星的定轨精度。同时，由于系统冗余，GC双系统能够显著提高低轨卫星定轨的可靠性。随着未来更多BDS卫星发射升空以及BDS卫星产品精度的不断提高，BDS卫星将会为低轨卫星精密定轨做出更大的贡献。
Using the FengYun-3C (FY-3C) onboard BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) data from 2013 to 2017, this study investigates the performance and contribution of BDS to precise orbit determination (POD) for a low-Earth orbit (LEO). The overlap comparison result indicates that code bias correction of BDS can improve the POD accuracy by 12.4%. The multi-year averaged one-dimensional (1D) root mean square (RMS) of the overlapping orbit differences (OODs) for the GPS-only solution is 2.0, 1.7, and 1.5 cm, respectively, during the 2013, 2015, and 2017 periods. The 1D RMS for the BDS-only solution is 150.9, 115.0, and 47.4 cm, respectively, during the 2013, 2015, and 2017 periods, which is much worse than the GPS-only solution due to the regional system of BDS and the few BDS channels of the FY-3C receiver. For the BDS and GPS combined solution (also known as the GC combined solution), the averaged 1D RMS is 2.5, 2.3, and 1.6 cm, respectively, in 2013, 2015, and 2017, while the GC combined POD presents a significant accuracy improvement after the exclusion of geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites. The main reason for the improvement seen after this exclusion is the unfavorable satellite tracking geometry and poor orbit accuracy of GEO satellites. The accuracy of BDS-only and GC combined solutions have gradually improved from 2013 to 2017, thanks to improvements in the accuracy of International GNSS Service (IGS) orbit and clock products in recent years, especially the availability of a high-frequency satellite clock product (30 s sampling interval) since 2015. Moreover, the GC POD (without GEO) was able to achieve slightly better accuracy than the GPS-only POD in 2017, indicating that the fusion of BDS and GPS observations can improve the accuracy of LEO POD. GC combined POD can significantly improve the reliability of LEO POD, simply due to system redundancy. An increased contribution of BDS to LEO POD can be expected with the launch of more BDS satellites and with further improvements in the accuracy of BDS satellite products in the near future.
风云-3C / 低轨卫星精密定轨 / 星载BDS/GPS / BDS码偏差 / BDS/GPS双系统定轨
Fengyun-3C / LEO precise orbit determination / Onboard BDS and GPS / BDS code bias / BDS/GPS combined POD
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