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甘油诱导的鼠李糖脂增强伯克霍尔德菌属C3中二苯并噻吩的生物降解
Camila A. Ortega Ramirez, Abraham Kwan, Qing X. Li
工程（英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (5) : 533-540.
PDF(1114 KB)
PDF(1114 KB)
甘油诱导的鼠李糖脂增强伯克霍尔德菌属C3中二苯并噻吩的生物降解
Rhamnolipids Induced by Glycerol Enhance Dibenzothiophene Biodegradation in Burkholderia sp. C3
在高度城市化的地区，人为活动造成的污染损害了土地的完整性，减少了农业耕作的土壤利用率。二苯并噻吩（DBT）是一种城市地区常见的杂环芳香烃，常被用作污染物微生物转化研究的模型化合物。人体接触的可能性及其健康风险使DBT成为一种令人担忧的化学品，因此，需要对DBT进行环境管理。利用甘油刺激伯克霍尔德菌属C3（Burkholderia sp. C3），降解其中的DBT，内容涉及以下方面：①DBT的生物降解动力学；②细菌生长；③鼠李糖脂（RL）的生物合成；④RL分泌。在甘油与DBT最佳摩尔比的情况下，实验第1天，DBT的生物降解速率常数与单独使用DBT培养基相比提高了18倍，DBT的生物降解率提高了25％~30%。这种增长变化与细菌生长加快和RL生物合成反应的增强有关。蛋白质组学研究揭示了参与RL生物合成作用的上级和主要阶段的酶类。在增添了甘油和DBT的培养基中鉴定出了鼠李糖脂的同系物：Rha-C10-C10、Rha-Rha-C10-C10、Rha-Rha-C10-C12和Rha-Rha-C12-C12，然而，在不含甘油或添加了RL抑制剂的培养物中只鉴定出Rha-C12-C12。研究表明，甘油通过促进RL的合成和细菌的生长来促进DBT的生物降解。根据这些结果，值得进一步研究甘油对环境生物的刺激作用，以促进生物修复技术的发展和提高农业土壤的有效性。
In highly urbanized areas, pollution from anthropogenic activities has compromised the integrity of the land, decreasing soil availability for agricultural practices. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) is a heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon frequently found in urbanized areas, and is often used as a model chemical to study the microbial transformation of pollutants. The potential for human exposure and its health risk makes DBT a chemical of concern; thus, it needs to be environmentally managed. We utilized glycerol to stimulate Burkholderia sp. C3 in order to degrade DBT in respect to ① DBT biodegradation kinetics, ② bacterial growth, ③ rhamnolipid (RL) biosynthesis, and ④ RL secretion. Under an optimum glycerol-to-DBT molar ratio, the DBT biodegradation rate constants increased up to 18-fold and enhanced DBT biodegradation by 25%–30% at day 1 relative to cultivation with DBT alone. This enhancement was correlated with an increase in bacterial growth and RL biosynthesis. Proteomics studies revealed the enzymes involved in the upper and main steps of RL biosynthesis. The RL congeners Rha-C10-C10, Rha-Rha-C10-C10, Rha-Rha-C10-C12, and Rha-Rha-C12-C12 were identified in the medium supplemented with glycerol and DBT, whereas only Rha-C12-C12 was identified in cultures without glycerol or with RL inhibitors. The studies indicated that glycerol enhances DBT biodegradation via increased RL synthesis and bacterial growth. The results warrant further studies of environmental biostimulation with glycerol to advance bioremediation technologies and increase soil availability for agricultural purposes.
生物降解 / 生物修复 / 生物表面活性剂 / 生物转化 / 甘油 / 微生物代谢 / 鼠李糖脂
Biodegradation / Bioremediation / Biosurfactant / Biotransformation / Glycerol / Microbial metabolism / Rhamnolipid
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