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增材制造可降解镁合金植入物面临的挑战及其对策
Yinchuan Wang, Penghuai Fu, Nanqing Wang, Liming Peng, Bin Kang, Hui Zeng, Guangyin Yuan, Wenjiang Ding
工程（英文） ›› 2020, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (11) : 1267-1275.
PDF(2508 KB)
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增材制造可降解镁合金植入物面临的挑战及其对策
Challenges and Solutions for the Additive Manufacturing of Biodegradable Magnesium Implants
增材制造（AM）技术具有制备复杂几何结构的能力，为可降解金属植入物的制备提供了前所未有的机会，尤其对具有合适力学性能和良好生物相容性的可降解镁合金。然而，AM可降解镁基植入物面临着许多挑战，如镁粉制备困难以及AM过程中的粉体飞溅和裂纹形成。本文分析了AM可降解镁合金所面临的挑战，并提出了相应的应对策略，成功制备了一种表面光滑且圆整度好的新型镁合金（JDBM）粉体，然后对其AM参数进行了优化。在优化参数的基础上，采用选区激光熔化（SLM）技术制备了三种不同结构（仿生、金刚石和极小曲面）的JDBM多孔支架，并分析了其力学性能和降解行为。最后，筛选出性能最优的极小曲面支架进行透钙磷石（DCPD）涂层处理，该涂层极大地抑制了支架降解速率，并提高了其细胞相容性。AM镁合金支架展现了作为骨组织工程支架的临床应用前景。
Due to their capability of fabricating geometrically complex structures, additive manufacturing (AM) techniques have provided unprecedented opportunities to produce biodegradable metallic implants— especially using Mg alloys, which exhibit appropriate mechanical properties and outstanding biocompatibility. However, many challenges hinder the fabrication of AM-processed biodegradable Mg-based implants, such as the difficulty of Mg powder preparation, powder splash, and crack formation during the AM process. In the present work, the challenges of AM-processed Mg components are analyzed and solutions to these challenges are proposed. A novel Mg-based alloy Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr alloy (JDBM) powder with a smooth surface and good roundness was first synthesized successfully, and the AM parameters for Mg-based alloys were optimized. Based on the optimized parameters, porous JDBM scaffolds with three different architectures (biomimetic, diamond, and gyroid) were then fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM), and their mechanical properties and degradation behavior were evaluated. Finally, the gyroid scaffolds with the best performance were selected for dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) coating treatment, which greatly suppressed the degradation rate and increased the cytocompatibility, indicating a promising prospect for clinical application as bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
增材制造 / 选区激光熔化 / 可降解镁合金 / 组织工程支架 / 表面改性
Additive manufacturing / Selective laser melting / Biodegradable Mg alloys / Tissue engineering scaffolds / Surface treatment
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