双区块链辅助的安全与匿名数据聚合研究

工程（英文） ›› 2022, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1) : 159 -169. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.018

研究论文

双区块链辅助的安全与匿名数据聚合研究

陈思光 ^a^,^b ,
杨丽 ^a^,^b ,
赵传信 ^c ,
Vijayakumar Varadarajan ^d ,
王堃 ^e

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Double-blockchain Assisted Secure and Anonymous Data Aggregation for Fog-enabled Smart Grid

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摘要

作为未来典型的能源系统，智能电网旨在提高传统电力系统的效率，同时提供更稳定可靠的服务。但是，这种高效、可靠的服务依赖于频繁收集和分析用户的用电数据，将引发各种安全和隐私威胁。为了应对这些挑战，本文在雾计算使能智能电网场景下提出了一种双区块链辅助的安全与匿名数据聚合（doubleblockchain assisted secure and anonymous data aggregation, DA-SADA）方案。具体地，本文通过融合雾计算和区块链技术设计了一种三层架构的数据聚合框架，该框架为实现智能电网中安全高效的数据收集提供了有力支撑；其次，通过融合Paillier同态加密、批量聚合签名和匿名身份验证机制，提出了一种低计算开销、安全且匿名的数据聚合机制。特别地，该方案通过设计的双区块链和二级数据聚合框架，实现了细粒度的数据聚合，并为电力调度和动态定价提供了有效的支撑。最后，通过一系列的安全性和计算成本分析说明了该方案的优越性。

Abstract

As a future energy system, the smart grid is designed to improve the efficiency of traditional power systems while providing more stable and reliable services. However, this efficient and reliable service relies on collecting and analyzing users' electricity consumption data frequently, which induces various security and privacy threats. To address these challenges, we propose a double-blockchain assisted secure and anonymous data aggregation scheme for fog-enabled smart grid named DA-SADA. Specifically, we design a three-tier architecture-based data aggregation framework by integrating fog computing and the blockchain, which provides strong support for achieving efficient and secure data collection in smart grids. Subsequently, we develop a secure and anonymous data aggregation mechanism with low computational overhead by jointly leveraging the Paillier encryption, batch aggregation signature and anonymous authentication. In particular, the system achieves fine-grained data aggregation and provides effective support for power dispatching and price adjustment by the designed double-blockchain and two-level data aggregation. Finally, the superiority of the proposed scheme is illustrated by a series of security and computation cost analyses.