基于超构表面等离激元透镜的高速并行近场直写纳米光刻系统
胡跃强 , 李苓 , 王榕 , 宋剑 , 王鸿栋 , 段辉高 , 纪佳馨 , 孟永钢
工程(英文) ›› 2021, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (11) : 1623 -1630.
基于超构表面等离激元透镜的高速并行近场直写纳米光刻系统
High-Speed Parallel Plasmonic Direct-Writing Nanolithography Using Metasurface-Based Plasmonic Lens
具有简单、高效、低成本和高灵活性等特点的纳米加工技术在纳米尺度基础研究和原型验证中不可或缺。研究已证明,采用表面等离激元的近场光刻技术(即等离激元光刻)是一种有前景的解决方案。基于高速旋转基底上高刚度被动纳米间隙控制的加工系统是其中一种高效率加工方案。但是,为了研发出新一代具有高分辨率且可靠高效的纳米加工技术,需要探索一种更小更稳定的纳米间隙和新型等离激元透镜及其并行加工方案。因此,本文设计了一套并行等离激元直写纳米光刻系统。该系统应用了新型等离子浮动磁头,当转速为8~18 m⋅s−1时,其最小飞行高度可实现15 nm并且具有高平行度。本文还研制了一种多级的基于超构表面的偏振不敏感等离激元透镜。与传统的等离激元透镜相比,该透镜耦合的功率更大,焦点的范围更集中。该原型系统实现了约26 nm最小线宽的纳米结构并行光刻。该系统有望应用于高自由级、低成本的纳米加工技术,如平面光学元件和纳米机电系统。
Simple and efficient nanofabrication technology with low cost and high flexibility is indispensable for fundamental nanoscale research and prototyping. Lithography in the near field using the surface plasmon polariton (i.e., plasmonic lithography) provides a promising solution. The system with high stiffness passive nanogap control strategy on a high-speed rotating substrate is one of the most attractive high-throughput methods. However, a smaller and steadier plasmonic nanogap, new scheme of plasmonic lens, and parallel processing should be explored to achieve a new generation high resolution and reliable efficient nanofabrication. Herein, a parallel plasmonic direct-writing nanolithography system is established in which a novel plasmonic flying head is systematically designed to achieve around 15 nm minimum flying-height with high parallelism at the rotating speed of 8–18 m•s−1. A multi-stage metasurface-based polarization insensitive plasmonic lens is proposed to couple more power and realize a more confined spot compared with conventional plasmonic lenses. Parallel lithography of the nanostructures with the smallest ( around 26 nm) linewidth is obtained with the prototyping system. The proposed system holds great potential for high- freedom nanofabrication with low cost, such as planar optical elements and nano-electromechanical systems.
纳米加工 / 表面等离激元 / 光刻 / 等离子体飞行头 / 超构表面
Nanofabrication / Surface plasmon polariton / Lithography / Plasmonic flying head / Plasmonic lens
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