水是病毒传播的重要媒介，城市水系统的病毒监控不仅关乎生物安全，而且可以反映病毒在人群中的扩散情况。已有研究表明，无论在发达国家，还是发展中国家，都存在数量大、种类多且组成复杂的介水病原病毒，威胁公众健康。同时，水中病毒相关监测检测工作，已展现出在指示水系统生物安全、水处理工艺表现和社区居民健康等方面的应用潜力。当前，由SARS-CoV-2 引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情，使管控介水病毒与保障公众健康成为全球水环境科技领域的焦点议题。基于对介水病毒研究进展和科技需求的系统分析，本文提出了面向公共健康保障的水环境病毒（COVID-19 等）管控路线图。

The water sector needs to address viral-related public health issues, because water is a virus carrier, which not only spreads viruses (e.g., via drinking water), but also provides information about the circulation of viruses in the community (e.g., via sewage). It has been widely reported that waterborne viral pathogens are abundant, diverse, complex, and threatening the public health in both developed and developing countries. Meanwhile, there is great potential for viral monitoring that can indicate biosafety, treatment performance and community health. New developments in technology have been rising to meet the emerging challenges over the past decades. Under the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the world's attention is directed to the urgent need to tackle the most challenging public health issues related to waterborne viruses. Based on critical analysis of the water viral knowledge progresses and gaps, this article offers a roadmap for managing COVID-19 and other viruses in the water environments for ensuring public health.