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含空洞岩体微震定位的快速行进法——性能分析与工程应用
Ruochen Jiang, Feng Dai, Yi Liu, Ang Li
工程（英文） ›› 2021, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (7) : 1023-1034.
PDF(4494 KB)
PDF(4494 KB)
含空洞岩体微震定位的快速行进法——性能分析与工程应用
Fast Marching Method for Microseismic Source Location in Cavern-Containing Rockmass: Performance Analysis and Engineering Application
微震事件定位是微震监测技术的重要组成部分，用于圈定围岩损伤区。然而，复杂的地质条件会对最终的微震事件定位结果造成不利的影响。为实现含空洞复杂岩体中的高精度微震事件定位，本研究基于二阶差分形式的快速行进法，开发了微震事件定位方法。该方法基于建立的三维离散网格波速模型，通过搜索满足理论到时与实际到时之间残差最小的网格节点，实现对微震事件的定位。此外，基于二阶快速行进法的计算结果，微震破裂源到微震传感器的传播路径，可通过应用线性插值与龙格-库塔法获得。所用方法的合理性在一系列的数值仿真实验中得到了验证。提出的方法被应用于定位在猴子岩水电站地下洞室开挖过程中所记录的爆破与微震事件。爆破事件的定位结果表明，与采用均一岩体波速模型的定位结果相比，本方法能够有效减低微震事件定位误差。而对于微震事件的定位结果，通过现场的混凝土破裂与剥落，以及现场多点位移计的监测结果得到验证。本文提出的方法可提供相对更准确的岩体破裂位置，为圈定围岩损伤区工作提供便利。
Microseismic (MS) event locations are vital aspect of MS monitoring technology used to delineate the damage zone inside the surrounding rock mass. However, complex geological conditions can impose significantly adverse effects on the final location results. To achieve a high-accuracy location in a complex cavern-containing structure, this study develops an MS location method using the fast marching method (FMM) with a second-order difference approach (FMM2). Based on the established velocity model with three-dimensional (3D) discrete grids, the realization of the MS location can be achieved by searching the minimum residual between the theoretical and actual first arrival times. Moreover, based on the calculation results of FMM2, the propagation paths from the MS sources to MS sensors can be obtained using the linear interpolation approach and the Runge–Kutta method. These methods were validated through a series of numerical experiments. In addition, our proposed method was applied to locate the recorded blasting and MS events that occurred during the excavation period of the underground caverns at the Houziyan hydropower station. The location results of the blasting activities show that our method can effectively reduce the location error compared with the results based on the uniform velocity model. Furthermore, the obtained MS location was verified through the occurrence of shotcrete fractures and spalling, and the monitoring results of the in-situ multipoint extensometer. Our proposed method can offer a more accurate rock fracture location and facilitate the delineation of damage zones inside the surrounding rock mass.
快速行进法 / 微震事件定位 / 含空洞复杂岩体 / 龙格-库塔法
Fast marching method / Microseismic event location / Cavern-containing complex rock mass / Runge–Kutta method
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