软性生物材料具有良好的可变形性、生物降解性、生物相容性、高生物活性和低抗原性等特点，因此在生物医学领域有着巨大应用潜力。作为一种容纳多样化材料组件并产生组合功能的载体，多组分软性生物材料吸引了众多科学家的注意。微流控技术能够在微米级别精确操纵多相流体，它已成为制备复杂结构和成分的多组分材料的优异工具。近年来，在多组分软性生物材料的微流控制造方面取得了很大进展。这些材料拥有精心设计的物理化学特性，能够实现可控药物递送、三维细胞培养、可穿戴柔性电子设备的构建以及生物传感等等。在本文中，我们总结了基于微流控制备的多组分软性生物材料的最新进展，并介绍它们在生物医学领域的应用。同时，我们提供了对该领域现存挑战和未来趋势的总结与展望。

Soft biomaterials hold great potential for a plethora of biomedical applications because of their deformability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, high bioactivity, and low antigenicity. Multicomponent soft biomaterials are particularly attractive as a way of accommodating components made of different materials and generating combinative functions. Microfluidic technology has emerged as an outstanding tool in generating multicomponent materials with elaborate structures and constituents, in that it can manipulate multiphasic flows precisely on the micron scale. In recent decades, much progress has been achieved in the microfluidic fabrication of multicomponent soft biomaterials with finely defined physicochemical properties capable of controllable therapeutics delivery, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture, flexible devices and wearable electronics, and biosensing for molecules. In the paper, we summarize current progress in multicomponent soft biomaterials derived from microfluidics and emphasize their applications in biomedical fields. We also provide an outlook of the remaining challenges and future trends in this field.