一种采用三流体喷嘴喷雾干燥技术高效构筑齿科修复用多功能团簇体填料的通用策略

工程（英文） ›› 2022, Vol. 8 ›› Issue (1) : 138 -147. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.001

研究论文

杨丹蕾 ^a^,^b ,
王丹 ^a^,^b ,
牛昊 ^a^,^b ,
王瑞莉 ^c ,
刘梅 ^d ,
章非敏 ^d ,
王洁欣 ^a^,^b ,
朱美芳 ^c

作者信息 +

A General Strategy for Efficiently Constructing Multifunctional Cluster Fillers Using a Three-Fluid Nozzle Spray Drying Technique for Dental Restoration

Dan-Lei Yang ^a^,^b ,
Dan Wang ^a^,^b ,
Hao Niu ^a^,^b ,
Rui-Li Wang ^c ,
Mei Liu ^d ,
Fei-Min Zhang ^d ,
Jie-Xin Wang ^a^,^b ,
Mei-Fang Zhu ^c

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

齿科复合树脂对多功能填料有很高的要求。本研究首次采用配备三流体喷嘴的喷雾干燥设备构筑由不同功能纳米颗粒组成的高性能复合纳米颗粒团簇体，并将其作为填料应用于齿科修复。三流体喷嘴的应用可以有效避免喷雾干燥前需将带有相反电荷的纳米粒子混合而发生的团聚现象，从而构筑形貌规则的复合纳米颗粒团簇体填料。对于SiO₂-ZrO₂二元体系，尽管引入了ZrO₂纳米颗粒，采用三流体喷嘴构筑的SiO₂-ZrO₂复合团簇体可以使复合树脂保持优异的力学性能[弯曲强度、弯曲模量、压缩强度和硬度分别为(133.3 ± 4.7) MPa、(8.8 ± 0.5) GPa、(371.1 ± 13.3) MPa和(64.5 ± 0.7) HV]，但使用二流体喷嘴构筑的SiO₂-ZrO₂复合团簇体填充所得复合树脂的力学性能显著下降。此外，对SiO₂-ZrO2复合团簇体填料进行热处理后再进行填充，能够显著提高复合树脂的力学性能和X射线阻射性。含有10 wt.%以上ZrO₂纳米颗粒的复合树脂可以满足其对X射线阻射性的要求。更重要的是，该方法可以推广到三元或四元体系。填充了SiO₂-ZrO₂-ZnO 复合团簇体填料（三者质量比为56∶10∶4）的复合树脂，除了具有良好的力学性能和X射线阻射性外，还展现出高的抗菌活性（抗菌率> 99%）。因此，采用三流体喷嘴的喷雾干燥技术在高效构筑多功能团簇体填料方面具有巨大的潜力。

Abstract

Multifunctional fillers are greatly required for dental resin composites (DRCs). In this work, a spray dryer with a three-fluid nozzle was applied for the first time to construct high-performance complex nanoparticle clusters (CNCs) consisting of different functional nanofillers for dental restoration. The application of a three-fluid nozzle can effectively avoid the aggregation of different nanoparticles with opposite zeta potentials before the spray drying process in order to construct regularly shaped CNCs. For a SiO₂–ZrO₂ binary system, the SiO₂–ZrO₂ CNCs constructed using a three-fluid nozzle maintained their excellent mechanical properties ((133.3 ± 4.7) MPa, (8.8 ± 0.5) GPa, (371.1 ± 13.3) MPa, and (64.5 ± 0.7) HV for flexural strength, flexural modulus, compressive strength, and hardness of DRCs, respectively), despite the introduction of ZrO₂ nanoparticles, whereas their counterparts constructed using a two-fluid nozzle showed significantly decreased mechanical properties. Furthermore, heat treatment of the SiO₂–ZrO₂ CNCs significantly improved the mechanical properties and radiopacity of the DRCs. The DRCs containing over 10% mass fraction ZrO₂ nanoparticles can meet the requirement for radiopaque fillers. More importantly, this method can be expanded to ternary or quaternary systems. DRCs filled with SiO₂–ZrO₂–ZnO CNCs with a ratio of 56:10:4 displayed high antibacterial activity (antibacterial ratio > 99%) in addition to excellent mechanical properties and radiopacity. Thus, the three-fluid nozzle spray drying technique holds great potential for the efficient construction of multifunctional cluster fillers for DRCs.