长江流域城市水污染治理成效的系统评估与解析
齐维晓 , 王旭 , 康瑾 , 柏耀辉 , 边睿 , 薛弘涛 , 陈丽 , 关傲梅 , 潘艺蓉 , 刘会娟 , 曲久辉
工程(英文) ›› 2023, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (2) : 135 -142.
长江流域城市水污染治理成效的系统评估与解析
Improvement of the Yangtze River’s Water Quality with Substantial Implementation of Wastewater Services Infrastructure since 2013
如何实现人类社会经济的可持续发展是本世纪的重大挑战之一。近几十年来,中国的经济实力大幅提升,国际影响力显著增强。然而,经济社会高速发展可能会给生态环境造成诸多不利影响,其中之一就是人类活动污水排放总量的快速增长。长江经济带作为中国高质量发展的重点区域,科学评估和揭示沿江城市群污水治理成效及影响因素至关重要。本研究核算了2007‒2017 年间长江流域主要污染物的浓度变化趋势,利用数据驱动型技术对影响污染物通量变化的关键因子及其贡献开展了系统解耦和量化分析,揭示了污染物排放强度的时空异质性,解析了沿江城镇污水系统发展对污染物通量削减的作用效果。研究发现,长江流域水污染治理成效总体向好,长江经济带国内生产总值和沿江人类活动污水排放强度之间的强耦合在2013 年之后呈现脱钩趋势,这主要得益于城镇排水和污水厂基础设施建设的快速发展。研究提出,长江流域城镇污水治理如何实现以水载资源再生利用为导引的'绿色零碳模式'转变,对于全面改善长江流域的水环境质量具有关键作用,同时也能为区域生态环境保护与经济高质量发展提供有益启示和借鉴。
Meeting the ever-growing demands of humans while ensuring sustainability is one of the great challenges of this century. China has made significant economic progress in recent decades and is increasingly engaged in international activities. This economic prosperity, however, has resulted in substantial contaminant discharge and damage to domestic aquatic ecosystems. Considerable efforts have been made to address these issues through developments in wastewater services infrastructure. Here, we provide an overview of wastewater infrastructure development in the Yangtze River Economic Zone during 2007–2017 and analyze diverse long-term monitoring data. These analyses trace and capture the key drivers affecting the restoration of water quality and determine how such restoration may be sustained or even accelerated in future. We find that there has been a decoupling trend between the economy and environmental variables since 2013, which coincides with the substantial implementation of improved wastewater treatment systems. While further developments in sewerage facilities and phosphorus discharge reduction may continue restoration, a paradigm shift toward a circular economy remains necessary to integrate these developments with wastewater resources management. Overall, this study advances the current understanding of the impact of wastewater services facilities on the balance between economic development and environmental protection.
长江流域 / 污水服务基础设施 / 水质变化规律 / 关键影响因素 / 解耦 / 平衡
Yangtze River Basin / Wastewater services infrastructure / Water quality variation trajectory / Key affecting drivers / Decoupling / Balance
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