古龙页岩油——揭示陆相页岩从生油到产油的另一个地学新领域

何文渊, 朱如凯, 崔宝文, 张水昌, 蒙启安, 白斌, 冯子辉, 雷征东, 吴松涛, 何坤, 刘合, 孙龙德

工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 79-92.

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工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 79-92. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.018
研究论文
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古龙页岩油——揭示陆相页岩从生油到产油的另一个地学新领域

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The Geoscience Frontier of Gulong Shale Oil: Revealing the Role of Continental Shale from Oil Generation to Production

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摘要

大庆古龙页岩黏土矿物含量高达35%~45%，其粒径<0.0039 mm，石油流体横向流动性差，纵向基本不流动，因此古龙页岩一直被认为没有经济价值。近年来，我们从地球科学、渗流力学、热力学以及表面力学等多学科交叉研究入手，论证了古龙页岩油具高成熟度和高滞留烃的特点，高成熟阶段页岩排烃效率为32%~48%；有机质与黏土矿物复合体发育的孔隙与页理缝连通构成缝-孔组合储集体，是古龙页岩有利的储集空间；页岩油主要赋存在微纳米级别孔隙、层理缝与页理缝中，气油比高，可动流体饱和度中到高分布；页岩具高硬度、高弹性模量以及高断裂韧性特征，获得了古龙页岩勘探开发从生烃与储集理论创新到可动性、可压性、可采性等技术突破，实现了古龙页岩从生油到产油的重大转变，这对中国石油工业具有极其重要的科学价值和应用前景。

Abstract

The clay mineral content of Daqing Gulong shale is in the range of about 35%-45%, with particle sizes less than 0.0039 mm. The horizontal fluidity of oil in Gulong shale is poor, with near-zero vertical flowability. As a result, Gulong shale has been considered to lack commercial value. In recent years, however, interdisciplinary research in geoscience, percolation mechanics, thermodynamics, and surface mechanics has demonstrated that Gulong shale oil has a high degree of maturity and a high residual hydrocarbon content. The expulsion efficiency of Gulong shale in the high mature stage is 32%-48%. Favorable storage spaces in Gulong shale include connecting pores and lamellar fractures developed between and within organic matter and clay mineral complexes. The shale oil mainly occurs in micro- and nano-pores, bedding fractures, and lamellar fractures, with a high gas-oil ratio and medium-high movable oil saturation. Gulong shale has the characteristics of high hardness, a high elastic modulus, and high fracture toughness. This study achieves breakthroughs in the exploration and development of Gulong shale, including the theories of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation, the technologies of mobility and fracturing, and recoverability. It confirms the major transition of Gulong shale from oil generation to oil production, which has extremely significant scientific value and application potential for China’s petroleum industry.

关键词

古龙页岩 / 古龙页岩油 / 微纳米孔隙 / 页理缝 / 陆相产油

Keywords

Gulong shale / Gulong shale oil / Micro-nano pores / Lamellar fracture / Continental oil production

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何文渊, 朱如凯, 崔宝文. 古龙页岩油——揭示陆相页岩从生油到产油的另一个地学新领域. Engineering. 2023, 28(9): 79-92 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.018

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