基于矿物异常分析的隧道内不良地质识别方法及案例分析

许振浩, 余腾飞, 林鹏, 李术才

工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8) : 150-160.

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工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8) : 150-160. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.013
研究论文
Article

基于矿物异常分析的隧道内不良地质识别方法及案例分析

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Adverse Geology Identification Through Mineral Anomaly Analysis During Tunneling: Methodology and Case Study

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摘要

准确有效地识别不良地质对隧道安全高效施工至关重要。目前隧道内不良地质识别主要依赖于地质学家的经验，容易出现误判和漏判。本研究提出了一种基于矿物异常分析的隧道内不良地质识别方法，本方法基于地质异常理论，将矿物异常作为不良地质的识别标志。本方法首先利用数据探索分析技术（EDA）计算矿物异常阈值，然后根据阈值评估矿物异常，最后根据矿物异常特征识别不良地质。其次，建立了背景样本动态扩充流程，通过调整异常阈值实现对矿物异常的动态评估。最后，本方法已在花岗岩开挖的隧道中得到验证和应用。在隧道里程142+800‒142+860 范围内，根据原岩矿物斜长石和角闪石含量的异常减少，以及蚀变矿物绿泥石、浊沸石和绿帘石含量的异常增加，成功识别出F37断层。当隧道进入不良地质影响的区域时，本研究所提出的方法可提供及时预警，并识别隧道是在逐渐接近断层还是在远离断层。此外，还讨论了本方法的适用性、准确性和进一步改进方向。本方法将隧道内识别不良地质的能力从定性提高至定量，可为隧道及其他地下工程中的不良地质识别提供参考和指导。

Abstract

Accurate and effective identification of adverse geology is crucial for safe and efficient tunnel construction. Current methods of identifying adverse geology depend on the experience of geologists and are prone to misjudgment and omissions. Here, we propose a method for adverse geology identification in tunnels based on mineral anomaly analysis. The method is based on the theory of geoanomaly, and the mineral anomalies are geological markers of the presence of adverse geology. The method uses exploration data analysis (EDA) to calculate mineral anomaly thresholds, then evaluates the mineral anomalies based on the thresholds and identifies adverse geology based on the characteristics of the mineral anomalies. We have established a dynamic expansion process for background samples to achieve the dynamic evaluation of mineral anomalies by adjusting anomaly thresholds. This method has been validated and applied in a tunnel excavated in granite. As shown herein, in the tunnel range of 142 + 800-142 + 860, the fault F37 was successfully identified based on an anomalous decrease in the diagenetic minerals plagioclase and hornblende, as well as an anomalous increase in the content of the alteration minerals chlorite, laumonite, and epidote. The proposed method provides a timely warning when a tunnel enters areas affected by adverse geology and identifies whether the tunnel is gradually approaching or moving away from the fault. In addition, the applicability, accuracy, and further improvement of the method are discussed. This method improves our ability to identify adverse geology, from qualitative to quantitative, and can provide reference and guidance for the identification of adverse geology in mining and underground engineering.

关键词

矿物异常 / 不良地质 / 断层 / 蚀变 / 异常阈值

Keywords

Mineral anomaly / Adverse geology / Fault / Alteration / Anomaly threshold

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许振浩, 余腾飞, 林鹏. 基于矿物异常分析的隧道内不良地质识别方法及案例分析. Engineering. 2023, 27(8): 150-160 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2022.09.013

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