地热能储存与CO2封存和利用的一体化框架

刘月亮, 胡婷, 芮振华, 张政, 都凯, 杨涛, Birol Dindoruk, Erling Halfdan Stenby, Farshid Torabi, Andrey Afanasyev

工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11) : 121-130.

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工程（英文） ›› 2023, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11) : 121-130. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.12.010
研究论文
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地热能储存与CO2封存和利用的一体化框架

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An Integrated Framework for Geothermal Energy Storage with CO2 Sequestration and Utilization

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摘要

地下地热能储存在封存容量和封存周期上比其他储能策略更具有潜力。二氧化碳（CO2）由于其优越的热力学属性而被视是一种极具潜力的储能介质。此外，利用CO2羽流进行地热储能可通过将CO2储存于地质体中来缓解温室效应。本文提出了一个协同地热能储能和二氧化碳封存利用的一体化框架：CO2首先被注入到地热层以进行能量积累。然后，将产生的高能CO2引入到目标油藏中，用于CO2利用和地热能储存。最后，将CO2有效地封存在地质油藏体中。结果表明，随着高能CO2的注入，整个目标油藏的平均温度大幅度提高。在地热能的协助下，CO2的地质利用率更高，从而使驱油效率提高了10.1%。根据对模拟CO2场地的封存潜力的评估，CO2注入110年后，地质体的利用率将高达91.2%，场地内CO2的最终注入量将高达9.529 × 108 t。经过1000年封存，超临界相在CO2封存中占主导地位，其次是液相，然后是矿化相。此外，由于残余油的存在，用于溶解捕获的CO2封存量显著增加。更重要的是，CO2在大规模储存地热能方面表现出优异的性能；例如，在所研究的地质体中储存的总能量每年可为超过3.5 × 107户正常家庭提供能源供应。采用这种一体化方法对大规模地热能储存以及到2050年实现碳中和目标具有十分重要的意义。

Abstract

Subsurface geothermal energy storage has greater potential than other energy storage strategies in terms of capacity scale and time duration. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is regarded as a potential medium for energy storage due to its superior thermal properties. Moreover, the use of CO2 plumes for geothermal energy storage mitigates the greenhouse effect by storing CO2 in geological bodies. In this work, an integrated framework is proposed for synergistic geothermal energy storage and CO2 sequestration and utilization. Within this framework, CO2 is first injected into geothermal layers for energy accumulation. The resultant high-energy CO2 is then introduced into a target oil reservoir for CO2 utilization and geothermal energy storage. As a result, CO2 is sequestrated in the geological oil reservoir body. The results show that, as high-energy CO2 is injected, the average temperature of the whole target reservoir is greatly increased. With the assistance of geothermal energy, the geological utilization efficiency of CO2 is higher, resulting in a 10.1% increase in oil displacement efficiency. According to a storage-potential assessment of the simulated CO2 site, 110 years after the CO2 injection, the utilization efficiency of the geological body will be as high as 91.2%, and the final injection quantity of the CO2 in the site will be as high as 9.529 × 108 t. After 1000 years sequestration, the supercritical phase dominates in CO2 sequestration, followed by the liquid phase and then the mineralized phase. In addition, CO2 sequestration accounting for dissolution trapping increases significantly due to the presence of residual oil. More importantly, CO2 exhibits excellent performance in storing geothermal energy on a large scale; for example, the total energy stored in the studied geological body can provide the yearly energy supply for over 3.5 × 107 normal households. Application of this integrated approach holds great significance for large-scale geothermal energy storage and the achievement of carbon neutrality.

关键词

地热能储存 / CO2封存 / 碳中和 / 大规模 / CO2利用

Keywords

Geothermal energy storage / CO2 sequestration / Carbon neutrality / Large-scale / CO2 utilization

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刘月亮, 胡婷, 芮振华. 地热能储存与CO2封存和利用的一体化框架. Engineering. 2023, 30(11): 121-130 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2022.12.010

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