本文提出了一种具有环形接收区域的微波无线能量传输发射天线口径场分布设计方法。该设计的目标是最大化辐射到环形接收区域上的微波功率与总传输功率的比值。通过将口径场幅度分布表示为一组特殊级数的求和，可将该最优设计问题简化为寻找两个实二次型的最大比值。基于矩阵论，可通过确定最大特征值及其对应的特征向量来解决该优化问题。为满足安全要求，将接收区域外的峰值辐射电平视为额外约束。为解决该约束优化问题，提出了将灰狼优化算法和Nelder-Mead单纯形法结合的混合优化方法。为证明所提方法的有效性，首先，对连续口径场分布进行数值仿真实验。然后，使用离散阵列天线来验证优化结果的正确性，其中单元假设为各向同性的点源。最后，采用微带贴片阵列来进一步验证所提出方法的有效性。

This work presents an optimal design method of antenna aperture illumination for microwave power transmission with an annular collection area. The objective is to maximize the ratio of the power radiated on the annular collection area to the total transmitted power. By formulating the aperture amplitude distribution through a summation of a special set of series, the optimal design problem can be reduced to finding the maximum ratio of two real quadratic forms. Based on the theory of matrices, the solution to the formulated optimization problem is to determine the largest characteristic value and its associated characteristic vector. To meet security requirements, the peak radiation levels outside the receiving area are considered to be extra constraints. A hybrid grey wolf optimizer and Nelder-Mead simplex method is developed to deal with this constrained optimization problem. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, numerical experiments on continuous apertures are conducted; then, discrete arrays of isotropic elements are employed to validate the correctness of the optimized results. Finally, patch arrays are adopted to further verify the validity of the proposed method.