中国武汉COVID-19第一波流行期间及之后合并症与心理冲击对地表水中微量有机污染物的影响（2019—2021年）

赵健, 康瑾, 曹晓峰, 边睿, 刘刚, 胡胜超, 吴兴华, 李翀, 王殿常, 齐维晓, 黄存瑞, 刘会娟, 曲久辉

工程（英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6) : 44-54.

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工程（英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6) : 44-54. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.020
研究论文
Article

中国武汉COVID-19第一波流行期间及之后合并症与心理冲击对地表水中微量有机污染物的影响（2019—2021年）

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Impacts of Comorbidity and Mental Shock on Organic Micropollutants in Surface Water During and After the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic in Wuhan (2019-2021), China

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Highlight

• The pandemic-related organic micropollutants (OMPs) in surface water were confirmed.

• Significant increases in four antihypertensives and one diabetic drug were observed.

• The increase in cotinine (155-fold) may be related to increased smoking.

• Comorbidity and mental shock of the COVID-19 pandemic could induce OMP pollution.

• High ecological risks were associated with lopinavir, ritonavir and telmisartan.

摘要

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的首波大流行导致地表水中几种抗病毒药物和抗生素的浓度明显增加。COVID-19常见症状涉及病毒和细菌感染，而合并症（如高血压和糖尿病）以及心理冲击（如失眠和焦虑）也十分引人关注。然而，人们对合并症和心理冲击对地表水中微量有机污染物（OMPs）的长期影响知之甚少。因此，我们在2019年至2021年期间对中国武汉地表水和污水处理厂（WWTPs）进行了检测，分析了114种OMPs。结果显示26种OMPs的浓度明显升高，进一步确认了COVID-19大流行会导致地表水OMPs污染。4种降压药和1种糖尿病药物的浓度显著增加，表明合并症的治疗可能会诱发OMPs污染。特别值得注意的是，可替宁（尼古丁的代谢物）的浓度增加了155倍，达到187 ng·L−1，可能与吸烟增加有关。此外，唑吡坦和舒必利的增加可能与失眠和抑郁等症状的增加有关。因此，保护心理健康的药物/行为也是造成OMPs污染的原因之一。在观察到的OMPs中，替米沙坦、洛匹那韦和利托那韦因其较低的WWTPs去除率和较高的生态毒性而具有显著较高的生态风险。这项研究为了解COVID-19大流行期间合并症和心理冲击对地表水中OMPs的影响提供了新视角，并强调了监测相关药物在水生环境中的归宿以及提高WWTPs去除率的必要性。

Abstract

The first pandemic wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced a considerable increase in several antivirals and antibiotics in surface water. The common symptoms of COVID-19 are viral and bacterial infections, while comorbidities (e.g., hypertension and diabetes) and mental shock (e.g., insomnia and anxiety) are nonnegligible. Nevertheless, little is known about the long-term impacts of comorbidities and mental shock on organic micropollutants (OMPs) in surface waters. Herein, we monitored 114 OMPs in surface water and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Wuhan, China, between 2019 and 2021. The pandemic-induced OMP pollution in surface water was confirmed by significant increases in 26 OMP concentrations. Significant increases in four antihypertensives and one diabetic drug suggest that the treatment of comorbidities may induce OMP pollution. Notably, cotinine (a metabolite of nicotine) increased 155 times to 187 ng·L−1, which might be associated with increased smoking. Additionally, the increases in zolpidem and sulpiride might be the result of worsened insomnia and depression. Hence, it is reasonable to note that mental-health protecting drugs/behavior also contributed to OMP pollution. Among the observed OMPs, telmisartan, lopinavir, and ritonavir were associated with significantly higher ecological risks because of their limited WWTP-removal rate and high ecotoxicity. This study provides new insights into the effects of comorbidities and mental shock on OMPs in surface water during a pandemic and highlights the need to monitor the fate of related pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment and to improve their removal efficiencies in WWTPs.

关键词

新型冠状病毒肺炎 / 合并症 / 心理冲击 / 微量污染物 / 地表水

Keywords

Coronavirus disease 2019 / Comorbidities / Mental shock / Micropollutant / Surface water

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赵健, 康瑾, 曹晓峰. 新冠病毒肺炎第一波疫情大流行期间和之后（2019—2021年）合并症和心理冲击对武汉地表水中微量有机污染物的影响. Engineering. 2024, 37(6): 44-54 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.020

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