原生土壤的碳链延长过程——高效的正己酸生物合成性能及微生物机制

邓琳, 吕杨, 蓝天, 吴清莲, 任韦同, 王华哲, 倪丙杰, 郭婉茜

工程（英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8) : 262-272.

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工程（英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8) : 262-272. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.017
研究论文

原生土壤的碳链延长过程——高效的正己酸生物合成性能及微生物机制

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Chain Elongation Using Native Soil Inocula: Exceptional n-Caproate Biosynthesis Performance and Microbial Mechanisms

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摘要

本研究证明了原生土壤作为天然接种微生物源利用碳链延长（chain elongation, CE）途径合成正己酸的可行性及有效性，这为探究土壤的厌氧过程提供了新的视角。研究选用了5种类型的土壤进行CE试验，结果表明，在高浓度乙醇和乙酸培养条件下，所有供测试的原生土壤均表现了不同的CE活性，这代表其可能作为用于正己酸生产的理想的微生物来源。结果表明，同接种厌氧污泥和窖泥相比，原生土壤CE体系表现出更高的正己酸选择度（60.53%），特异性（82.32%），碳分布（60.00%），电子转移效率（165.00%）和电导率（0.59 ms∙cm−1）。动力学分析进一步证明了土壤CE在缩短迟滞期和提高产量的优势。微生物分析则证明了Pseudomonas，Azotobacter，Clostridium和正己酸产量之间的正相关关系。此外，宏基因组学通过分析功能基因在关键微生物中的高丰度值表达，洞悉了土壤微生物源在合成正己酸的相关途径中的关键作用，包括CO2的原位利用、乙醇氧化、脂肪酸生物合成（FAB）和逆β氧化（RBO）。其中，FAB和RBO中的功能单元与Pseudomonas，Clostridium，Rhodococcus，Stenotrophomonas和 Geobacter等具有相关性，这表明此类微生物属可能参与或协同作用于土壤中的CE过程。综上所述，这种创新的接种策略为正己酸生产提供了高效的微生物来源，指出了在厌氧土壤微生态学中考虑CE活性的重要性，并在探究土壤微生物在经济和环境效益方面具有潜在作用。

Abstract

This study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of utilizing native soils as a resource for inocula to produce n -caproate through the chain elongation (CE) platform, offering new insights into anaerobic soil processes. The results reveal that all five of the tested soil types exhibit CE activity when supplied with high concentrations of ethanol and acetate, highlighting the suitability of soil as an ideal source for n -caproate production. Compared with anaerobic sludge and pit mud, the native soil CE system exhibited higher selectivity (60.53%), specificity (82.32%), carbon distribution (60.00%), electron transfer efficiency 165.00 %, and conductivity 0.59   m s ⋅ c m - 1. Kinetic analysis further confirmed the superiority of soil in terms of a shorter lag time and higher yield. A microbial community analysis indicated a positive correlation between the relative abundances of Pseudomonas, Azotobacter, and Clostridium and n -caproate production. Moreover, metagenomics analysis revealed a higher abundance of functional genes in key microbial species, providing direct insights into the pathways involved in n -caproate formation, including in situ C O 2 utilization, ethanol oxidation, fatty acid biosynthesis (FAB), and reverse beta-oxidation (RBO). The numerous functions in FAB and RBO are primarily associated with Pseudomonas, Clostridium, Rhodococcus, Stenotrophomonas, and Geobacter, suggesting that these genera may play roles that are involved or associated with the CE process. Overall, this innovative inoculation strategy offers an efficient microbial source for n -caproate production, underscoring the importance of considering CE activity in anaerobic soil microbial ecology and holding potential for significant economic and environmental benefits through soil consortia exploration.

关键词

土壤 / 碳链延长 / 正己酸 / 逆β氧化 / 脂肪酸生物合成 / 宏基因组学

Keywords

Soil / Chain elongation / n -caproate / Reverse beta-oxidation / Fatty acid biosynthesis / Metagenomics

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邓琳, 吕杨, 蓝天. 原生土壤的碳链延长过程——高效的正己酸生物合成性能及微生物机制. Engineering. 2024, 39(8): 262-272 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.017

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