GSeisRT——应用于广域实时地震监测的北斗/GNSS精密单点定位引擎

Jianghui Geng, Kunlun Zhang, Shaoming Xin, Jiang Guo, David Mencin, Tan Wang, Sebastian Riquelme, Elisabetta D'Anastasio, Muhammad Al Kautsar

工程（英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4) : 57-69.

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PDF(3417 KB)
工程（英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4) : 57-69. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.012
研究论文
Article

GSeisRT——应用于广域实时地震监测的北斗/GNSS精密单点定位引擎

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GSeisRT: A Continental BDS/GNSS Point Positioning Engine for Wide-Area Seismic Monitoring in Real Time

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摘要

地震/海啸预警中的精确同震位移对于实时描述地震特征至关重要，以支持决策者发布公共安全警报。实时全球卫星导航系统（GNSSs）是一种可用于监测地震运动的有力工具，支持无偏的地面永久位移获取。作为提供给地震社区的宝贵工具，由武汉大学自主研发的GSeisRT软件平台支持多系统精密单点定位与模糊度固定（PPP-AR），实时定位精度可达厘米级至亚厘米级。目前全球范围精密单点定位（PPP）的稳定服务仍然具有挑战，而GSeisRT支持通过区域GNSS网络实时估计卫星钟差和相位偏差产品，这使得GSeisRT特别适用于专有GNSS网络的处理。并且更重要的是，可以支持实现尽可能高的定位精度和可靠性。美国NOTA网络的实时定位结果表明，24 h内动态PPP-AR在东、北和高程分量的平均均方根（RMS）误差分别只有1.2 cm、1.3 cm和3.0 cm。而在常见地震事件发生的几分钟之内，GSeisRT可以实现小于4 mm的水平位移监测精度。另外，通过GSeisRT实现的区域PPP/PPP-AR的定位精度相比全球PPP/PPP-AR改进约30%-40%。自2019年以来，GSeisRT已经成功实时捕获了2020年墨西哥瓦哈卡州7.4级地震、2020年美国加利福尼亚州5.8级地震和2021年中国青海7.3级地震事件中的静态、动态和峰值地面位移，结果表明GSeisRT实时估计的震级误差约为0.1。GSeisRT软件面向科学界开放，并已部署于中国地震台网中心、美国EarthScope联盟、智利国家地震中心、新西兰地质与核科学研究所以及印度尼西亚地理空间信息局。

Abstract

Precise coseismic displacements in earthquake/tsunamic early warning are necessary to characterize earthquakes in real time in order to enable decision-makers to issue alerts for public safety. Real-time global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) have been a valuable tool in monitoring seismic motions, allowing permanent displacement computation to be unambiguously achieved. As a valuable tool presented to the seismic community, the GSeisRT software developed by Wuhan University (China) can realize multi-GNSS precise point positioning with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) and achieve centimeter-level to sub-centimeter-level precision in real time. While the stable maintenance of a global precise point positioning (PPP) service is challenging, this software is capable of estimating satellite clocks and phase biases in real time using a regional GNSS network. This capability makes GSeisRT especially suitable for proprietary GNSS networks and, more importantly, the highest possible positioning precision and reliability can be obtained. According to real-time results from the Network of the Americas, the mean root mean square (RMS) errors of kinematic PPP-AR over a 24 h span are as low as 1.2, 1.3, and 3.0 cm in the east, north, and up components, respectively. Within the few minutes that span a typical seismic event, a horizontal displacement precision of 4 mm can be achieved. The positioning precision of the GSeisRT regional PPP/PPP-AR is 30%–40% higher than that of the global PPP/PPP-AR. Since 2019, GSeisRT has successfully recorded the static, dynamic, and peak ground displacements for the 2020 Oaxaca, Mexico moment magnitude (Mw) 7.4 event; the 2020 Lone Pine, California Mw 5.8 event; and the 2021 Qinghai, China Mw 7.3 event in real time. The resulting immediate magnitude estimates have an error of around 0.1 only. The GSeisRT software is open to the scientific community and has been applied by the China Earthquake Networks Center, the EarthScope Consortium of the United States, the National Seismological Center of Chile, Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences Limited (GNS Science Te Pu¯ Ao) of New Zealand, and the Geospatial Information Agency of Indonesia.

关键词

实时 / 精密单点定位 / 多系统 / 地震监测 / 快速地震响应

Keywords

Real-time / Precise point positioning / Multi global navigation satellite system / Seismic monitoring / Rapid earthquake response

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Jianghui Geng, Kunlun Zhang, Shaoming Xin. GSeisRT——应用于广域实时地震监测的北斗/GNSS精密单点定位引擎. Engineering. 2025, 47(4): 57-69 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.012

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