污水处理厂（WWTPs）等工程水系统是多种生物风险因子（BRFs）的潜在赋存热区，包括病原微生物、抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）和毒力因子（VFs）。目前，全球尺度下与工程水系统相关的 BRFs 信息数据库仍属空白。为此，我们构建了全球污水病原微生物数据库（GWPD，http://gwpd.hitsz.edu.cn），这一在线信息平台。GWPD涵盖了来自 6 大洲 68 个国家 186 个城市的 1302 份宏基因组样本，可提供其中BRFs的多样性、丰度及分布信息。我们将这些样本分为 6 类：污水管网、进水、缺氧活性污泥、好氧活性污泥、出水以及受纳水体/自然水体。共鉴定出 476 种病原微生物、442 种 ARGs 和 246 种 VFs。作为多功能数据库，GWPD 具备多重核心功能：提供 BRFs 在世界地图上的交互式可视化展示、便捷的信息检索界面，以及基于宏基因组测序数据的 BRFs 在线一键式注释工具。该数据库基于网络服务框架搭建，通过新增功能模块及关联其他数据源（如流行病数据库），可便捷扩展至未来版本，为 “同一健康” 理念下的生物风险评估与阻控工作提供有力支撑。

Engineered water systems such as wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are potential reservoirs of various biological risk factors (BRFs), including pathogens, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and virulence factors (VFs). Currently, a BRF database relevant to engineered water systems on a global geographic scale is lacking. Here, we present the Global Wastewater Pathogen Database (GWPD), an online database that provides information on the diversity, abundance, and distribution of BRFs from 1302 metagenome samples obtained from 186 cities, 68 countries, and six continents. We sorted these samples into six types: sewer networks, influent, anoxic activated sludge, oxic activated sludge, effluent, and receiving/natural waters. In total, 476 pathogens, 442 ARGs, and 246 VFs were identified. As a multifunctional database, GWPD provides an interactive visualization of these BRFs in a world map, an information retrieval interface, and an online one-click service for BRF annotation from metagenome sequencing data. GWPD is built on a web service framework, which can be readily extended to future versions of GWPD by adding more functional modules and connecting to other data sources, such as epidemic databases, to support risk assessment and control in the context of “One Health.”