在不久的将来，扩大清洁氢能供应规模对于实现我国氢能发展目标至关重要。本研究建立了一个考虑氢能接入下电力系统机组组合优化的电制氢发展机制。基于增量成本表征方法，我们量化了2030年各省份和全国的清洁电制氢生产成本。结果表明，所提机制可以有效降低绝大多数省份的清洁电制氢生产成本，在4000万吨氢能供应规模下，各省平均电制氢成本低于2美元/千克。通过省间电力协同优化可以进一步将全国电制氢生产成本降至1.72美元/千克。然而，制氢成本会受到氢需求潜在分布的影响。从供应侧看，所提机制仅限于在清洁氢气生产具备竞争力；而从需求侧看，所提机制可以帮助电制氢发挥更大的作用。本研究可为我国实现雄心勃勃的新能源和氢能发展目标提供解决思路。

Scaling up clean hydrogen supply in the near future is critical to achieving China’s hydrogen development target. This study established an electrolytic hydrogen development mechanism considering the generation mix and operation optimization of power systems with access to hydrogen. Based on the incremental cost principle, we quantified the provincial and national clean hydrogen production cost performance levels in 2030. The results indicated that this mechanism could effectively reduce the production cost of clean hydrogen in most provinces, with a national average value of less than 2 \mathrm{U} \mathrm{S} \mathrm{D} \cdot {\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}}^{-1} at the 40 - megaton hydrogen supply scale. Provincial cooperation via power transmission lines could further reduce the production cost to 1.72 \mathrm{U} \mathrm{S} \mathrm{D} \cdot {\mathrm{k}\mathrm{g}}^{-1}. However, performance is affected by the potential distribution of hydrogen demand. From the supply side, competitiveness of the mechanism is limited to clean hydrogen production, while from the demand side, it could help electrolytic hydrogen fulfil a more significant role. This study could provide a solution for the ambitious development of renewables and the hydrogen economy in China.