人工智能在天气预报中有望发挥重要作用

[1]	M. Leslie. Artificial intelligence could revolutionize science—if we can trust It. Engineering, 35 (2024), pp. 4-6.
[2]	P. Voosen. AI is set to revolutionize weather forecasts. Science, 382 (6672) (2023), pp. 748-749.
[3]	R. Lam, A. Sanchez-Gonzalez, M. Willson, P. Wirnsberger, M. Fortunato, F. Alet, et al. Learning skillful medium-range global weather forecasting. Science, 382 (6677) (2023), pp. 1416-1421.
[4]	Hekkilä M. New AI systems could speed up our ability to create weather forecasts [Internet]. Cambridge: MIT Technology Review; 2023 Jul 5 [cited 2023 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/07/05/1075897/new-ai-systems-could-speed-up-our-ability-to-create-weather-forecasts/.
[5]	About Google nowcast [Internet]. Mountain View: Google; [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/13692898?hl=en.
[6]	The AIFS Team. ECMWF unveils alpha version of new ML model [Internet]. Reading: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; 2023 Oct 13 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/media-centre/aifs-blog/2023/ECMWF-unveils-alpha-version-of-new-ML-model.
[7]	Leffer L. AI weather forecasting can’t replace humans—yet [Internet]. New York City:Scientific American; 2024 Jan 9 [cited 2024 April 30]. Available from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/ai-weather-forecasting-cant-replace-humans-yet/.
[8]	Durbin S. What are weather models, exactly, and how do they work? [Internet]. Washington, DC: The Washington Post; 2018 May 18 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/capital-weather-gang/wp/2018/05/18/what-exactly-are-weather-models-and-how-do-they-work/.
[9]	Klesman A. How weather forecasts are made [Internet]. New York City:Discover; 2019 Aug 13 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/how-weather-forecasts-are-made.
[10]	Fact sheet: Earth system modeling at ECMWF [Internet]. Reading: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; 2021 Mar 8 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/media-centre/focus/2021/fact-sheet-earth-system-modelling-ecmwf.
[11]	Global numerical modelling at the heart of ECMWF’s forecasts [Internet]. Reading: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; 2022 Apr 7 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/about/media-centre/focus/2022/global-numerical-modelling-heart-ecmwfs-forecasts.
[12]	The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) [Internet]. Washington, DC: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; 2023 Mar 8 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://rapidrefresh.noaa.gov/hrrr/.
[13]	Supercomputer facility [Internet]. Reading: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/computing/our-facilities/supercomputer-facility.
[14]	Godwin C. Met Office and Microsoft to build climate supercomputer [Internet]. London: BBC; 2021 Apr 22 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: com/news/technology-56840169.
[15]	Medium-range forecasts [Internet]. Reading: European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/documentation-and-support/medium-range-forecasts.
[16]	Schumacher R, Hill A. AI and machine learning are improving weather forecasts, but they won’t replace human experts [Internet]. Melbourne: The Conversation; 2022 May 26 [cited 2024 Apr 30]. Available from: https://theconversation.com/ai-and-machine-learning-are-improving-weather-forecasts-but-they-wont-replace-human-experts-182498.
[17]	K. Bi, L. Xie, H. Zhang, X. Chen, X. Gu, Q. Tian. Accurate medium-range global weather forecasting with 3D neural networks. Nature, 619 (7970) (2023), pp. 533-538.
[18]	A.J. Charlton-Perez, H.F. Dacre, S. Driscoll, S.L. Gray, B. Harvey, N.J. Harvey, et al. Do AI models produce better weather forecasts than physics-based models? A quantitative evaluation case study of Storm Ciarán. NPJ Clim Atmos Sci, 7 (1) (2024), p. 93.
[19]	Lacy L. Hallucinations: why AI makes stuff up, and what’s being done about it [Internet]. San Francisco: CNET; 2024 Apr 1 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: https://www.cnet.com/tech/hallucinations-why-ai-makes-stuff-up-and-whats-being-done-about-it/.
[20]	Karlbauer M, Cresswell-Clay N, Durran DR, Moreno RA, Kurth T, Bonev B, et al. Advancing parsimonious deep learning weather prediction using the HEALPix mesh. ESS Open Archive. 2023 Sep 30.
[21]	Harvey C. Climate change could stump AI weather prediction [Internet]. New York City:Scientific American; 2023 Jul 12 [cited 2024 May 10]. Available from: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/climate-change-could-stump-ai-weather-prediction/.