皮下空间因其操作微创性，是细胞移植的常用部位。然而，血供不足常影响细胞存活，导致移植细胞大量凋亡。为改善这一局限，我们通过在啮齿动物模型中皮下植入聚氯乙烯（PVC）管，构建了预血管化微环境。PVC管引发的异物反应招募了修复性免疫细胞，这些细胞分泌促血管生成因子，诱导了强烈的新血管形成。随后将干细胞来源的血管类器官移植至该工程化微环境中，可实现良好的定植效果，形成功能性、可灌注的人源血管。在胰岛移植模型的初步验证中，即使使用边际剂量的胰岛，血糖也能快速恢复至正常水平，这可能与移植后血运重建的改善有关。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，该策略为克服皮下细胞移植的血管化难题提供了一种简便且可行的思路，具有一定的临床转化潜力。

The subcutaneous space is an advantageous site for cell transplantation because of its minimally invasive accessibility. However, poor vascularization often compromises cell survival, leading to significant apoptosis of transplanted cells. To address this limitation, we engineered a pre-vascularized niche by subcutaneously implanting polyvinyl chloride (PVC) catheters into rodent models. Foreign body reactions elicited by PVC catheters recruited reparative immune cells, which secreted pro-angiogenic factors to induce robust neovascularization. The subsequent transplantation of stem cell-derived vascular organoids into this engineered niche resulted in optimal engraftment, forming functional, perfused human blood vessels. In a proof-of-concept islet transplantation model, even a marginal dose of islets rapidly restored normoglycemia, which was attributed to enhanced graft revascularization. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a simple yet effective strategy for overcoming the vascular limitations of subcutaneous cell transplantation, offering promising potential for clinical applications.