藻油富含对人体健康和发育有益的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFAs)。酶法精炼是一种提高藻油品质和营养价值的可持续的油脂加工手段，但此方法需使用多种特定的生物酶去除油脂中磷脂（PLs）和游离脂肪酸(FFA)等杂质。本研究创制了一种新型固定化磷脂酶PLA1@MCM-41-C8，其具有双重用途：既可用于富含ARA藻油的酶法脱胶，也可用于其后续脱酸。结果表明，PLA1@MCM-41-C8可实现藻油毛油的脱胶率达95.9 %，并且ARA保留率高达97.3 %。对此酶法脱胶的ARA藻油进一步脱酸发现，藻油酸价从14.5降至1.1 mg KOH·g-1，并同步生成29.2 %的功能性甘油二酯(DAG)。通过比较酶法脱胶脱酸ARA藻油(EDDO)与ARA毛油藻油(CO)、市售精炼藻油(CRO)发现，酶法精炼对藻油的抗氧化稳定性、脂肪酸组成和含油量影响较小。此外，PLA1@MCM-41-C8酶炼前后藻油的风味特征保持不变，主要的挥发性化合物仍以醇类和醛类为主。与游离磷脂酶PLA1相比，PLA1@MCM-41-C8的热稳定性、pH耐受性、溶剂耐受性和长期重复使用性显著提升，在油脂绿色加工领域产业化前景广阔。

Algae oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) that are beneficial to human health and development. Enzymatic refining is a sustainable approach that can improve the quality and nutritional value of algae oil. However, this approach involves the use of specific enzymes to remove unwanted impurities such as phospholipids (PLs) and free fatty acids (FFAs). This study proposes a novel immobilized phospholipase, immobilized phospholipase A1 (PLA1@MCM-41-C₈), which serves a dual purpose: it is effective for both degumming arachidonic acid (ARA)-enriched algal oil and its subsequent deacidification. The use of PLA1@MCM-41-C₈ achieved a degumming rate of 95.9% for crude algal oil, with an ARA retention rate of up to 97.3%. The acidity of the degummed oil decreased from 14.5 to 1.1 mg KOH g⁻¹, while simultaneously producing 29.2% high-value diacylglycerol (DAG). By comparing enzymatically degummed and deacidified ARA-enriched algae oil (EDDO) with crude ARA-enriched algae oil (CO), commercialized refining algae oil (CRO), it was found that enzymatic refining had minimal impact on antioxidant stability, fatty acid composition, and oil content. In particular, the flavor characteristics of algal oil before and after enzymatic refining with PLA1@MCM-41-C₈ remained unchanged and were dominated by the main volatile compounds: alcohols and aldehydes. Compared with free phospholipase A1 (PLA1), PLA1@MCM-41-C₈ exhibited significantly improved thermostability, pH tolerance, solvent tolerance, and long-term reusability. These characteristics make it a promising candidate for complex oil refining in industrial applications.