二氧化碳捕集利用、合理开发自然矿产资源和妥善处理工业废料等热点问题是能源和环境可持续发展面临的重大挑战。本文以二氧化碳矿化利用技术的基础科学、经济评估与工程应用研究为重点，总结了采用天然矿物与工业废料矿化利用二氧化碳技术路线的最新研究进展。从基础科学研究与工程应用科学的视角讨论了几种代表性的大规模矿化利用二氧化碳的工艺技术，并对每项技术的工艺技术参数、反应基本原理与过程强化、工艺流程和试验性示范装置等进行了介绍。同时，基于试验研究结果和文献报道对每项技术进行了经济型讨论与评估，在结论部分提出了当前面临的技术瓶颈，并对未来在此研究领域面临的机遇与挑战进行了展望。

The issues of reducing CO₂ levels in the atmosphere, sustainably utilizing natural mineral resources, and dealing with industrial waste offer challenging opportunities for sustainable development in energy and the environment. The latest advances in CO₂ mineralization technology involving natural minerals and industrial waste are summarized in this paper, with great emphasis on the advancement of fundamental science, economic evaluation, and engineering applications. We discuss several leading large-scale CO₂ mineralization methodologies from a technical and engineering-science perspective. For each technology option, we give an overview of the technical parameters, reaction pathway, reactivity, procedural scheme, and laboratorial and pilot devices. Furthermore, we present a discussion of each technology based on experimental results and the literature. Finally, current gaps in knowledge are identified in the conclusion, and an overview of the challenges and opportunities for future research in this field is provided.