组织工程中最有前景的方法就是将生物材料、细胞和生物活性分子结合加入人工的模拟环境，用以准确地模拟人体组织修复环境，并刺激组织修复和再生。这个环境必须在细胞或亚细胞尺度上模拟出尽可能接近原生细胞外基质的主要特性，只有这样此方法才会在临床应用上有效。光制造技术通过多层工艺，如对光敏预聚物的选区光交联反应，构建包含精确结构和多相材料组合的环境。细胞和治疗分子可以包含在初始水凝胶前体的溶液中，并加工成三维（3D）结构。近来，光制造也已被开发用来动态调节水凝胶的实时特性，加强控制细胞寿命和生物活性物质的传递。本文聚焦于利用3D光制造技术为组织再生和给药技术生产先进结构的相关研究，同时介绍了目前最先进的光制造技术，重点放在控制细胞生物活性因子分布形式的工作原理和生物制造方法上。因光制造技术具有工艺快速、时空控制、高分辨率和高精度等特性，故其在复杂的3D结构设计中扮演着重要角色。这种技术同样能够为组织再生构建适当的环境，并可调节治疗方法的实施状况。

The most promising strategies in tissue engineering involve the integration of a triad of biomaterials, living cells, and biologically active molecules to engineer synthetic environments that closely mimic the healing milieu present in human tissues, and that stimulate tissue repair and regeneration. To be clinically effective, these environments must replicate, as closely as possible, the main characteristics of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) on a cellular and subcellular scale. Photo-fabrication techniques have already been used to generate 3D environments with precise architectures and heterogeneous composition, through a multi-layer procedure involving the selective photocrosslinking reaction of a light-sensitive prepolymer. Cells and therapeutic molecules can be included in the initial hydrogel precursor solution, and processed into 3D constructs. Recently, photo-fabrication has also been explored to dynamically modulate hydrogel features in real time, providing enhanced control of cell fate and delivery of bioactive compounds. This paper focuses on the use of 3D photo-fabrication techniques to produce advanced constructs for tissue regeneration and drug delivery applications. State-of-the-art photo-fabrication techniques are described, with emphasis on the operating principles and biofabrication strategies to create spatially controlled patterns of cells and bioactive factors. Considering its fast processing, spatiotemporal control, high resolution, and accuracy, photo-fabrication is assuming a critical role in the design of sophisticated 3D constructs. This technology is capable of providing appropriate environments for tissue regeneration, and regulating the spatiotemporal delivery of therapeutics.