用于关节软骨组织工程的功能化水凝胶
周良彬 , 郭鹏 , Matteo D’Este , 童文学 , 许建坤 , 姚昊 , Martin J. Stoddart , Gerjo J.V.M. van Osch , 何其威 , 李真 , 秦岭
工程（英文） ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6) : 71 -90.
用于关节软骨组织工程的功能化水凝胶
周良彬 , 郭鹏 , Matteo D’Este , 童文学 , 许建坤 , 姚昊 , Martin J. Stoddart , Gerjo J.V.M. van Osch , 何其威 , 李真 , 秦岭
工程（英文） ›› 2022, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (6) : 71 -90.
用于关节软骨组织工程的功能化水凝胶
Functionalized Hydrogels for Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering
关节软骨是位于关节骨表面的一种无血管且富有弹性的结缔组织。软骨损伤常出现于年轻人和经常从事体育活动的人的膝盖中，由于缺乏合适的基于组织工程的人工基质，目前针对软骨损伤的治疗，特别是对于全层软骨缺损和骨-软骨界面的治疗方式，依旧无法充分替代或再生受损的软骨。随着关节软骨组织工程研发的飞速进展，功能化水凝胶因其自身良好的生物力学性能、含水量、膨胀系数、细胞相容性、生物可降解性和润滑能力，而逐渐涌现成为富有前景的软骨基质替代物。功能化水凝胶可以被合理的设计和根据其理化性能被便捷的调整来模拟软骨的胞外基质。本综述先简要介绍了关节软骨的组成、结构、功能以及关节软骨损伤，然后全面回顾了功能化水凝胶用于关节软骨修复的各种精细的（生物）设计和（生物）制造方法。最后，我们总结了基于功能化水凝胶的关节软骨组织工程策略在体内外实验中所遭遇到的一些困难和挑战，同时为未来临床转化指明了方向。
Articular cartilage (AC) is an avascular and flexible connective tissue located on the bone surface in the diarthrodial joints. AC defects are common in the knees of young and physically active individuals. Because of the lack of suitable tissue-engineered artificial matrices, current therapies for AC defects, especially full-thickness AC defects and osteochondral interfaces, fail to replace or regenerate damaged cartilage adequately. With rapid research and development advancements in AC tissue engineering (ACTE), functionalized hydrogels have emerged as promising cartilage matrix substitutes because of their favorable biomechanical properties, water content, swelling ability, cytocompatibility, biodegradability, and lubricating behaviors. They can be rationally designed and conveniently tuned to simulate the extracellular matrix of cartilage. This article briefly introduces the composition, structure, and function of AC and its defects, followed by a comprehensive review of the exquisite (bio)design and (bio)fabrication of functionalized hydrogels for AC repair. Finally, we summarize the challenges encountered in functionalized hydrogel-based strategies for ACTE both in vivo and in vitro and the future directions for clinical translation.
关节软骨 / 功能化水凝胶 / 软骨修复 / 软骨组织工程 / 临床转化
Articular cartilage / Functionalized hydrogels / Cartilage repair / Cartilage tissue engineering / Clinical translation
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