“嫦娥五号”月球样品在外部电场作用下的充电特性和粒子动力学研究
Junping Gu , Xiaoyu Qian , Yiwei Liu , Qinggong Wang , Yiyang Zhang , Xuan Ruan , Xiangjin Deng , Yaowen Lu , Jian Song , Hui Zhang , Yunning Dong , Mengmeng Wei , Wei Yao , Shuiqing Li , Weihua Wang , Zhigang Zou , Mengfei Yang
工程（英文） ›› 2024, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11) : 280 -291.
“嫦娥五号”月球样品在外部电场作用下的充电特性和粒子动力学研究
Charging Properties and Particle Dynamics of Chang’e-5 Lunar Sample in an External Electric Field
月壤资源原位利用存在种种挑战，而利用外电场操纵月壤颗粒成为一种颇具前景的空间粒子操纵方法，该方法的核心在于颗粒在电场中的带电特性。本文基于“嫦娥五号”任务带回的月壤样品（CE5 LS），依次在高真空条件下研究了该样品在外电场作用下的带电特性、粒子动力学以及其对航天材料的碰撞损伤。研究结果表明，月壤颗粒在高真空条件下的充电过程和静电喷射行为与在大气条件下存在显著差异。本实验所用CE5 LS颗粒的粒径范围为27.7~139.0 μm。在3~12 kV∙cm-1的电场强度下，CE5 LS所获得的电荷量为4.8 × 10-15~ 4.7 × 10-13 C，电荷质量比为1.2 × 10-5~6.8 × 10-4 C∙kg-1。CE5 LS在外电场中更容易带负电。此外，在靶材表面上观察到明显的冲击损伤，说明月壤颗粒对航天材料影响较为严重。本研究有助于更全面理解月壤屏蔽与利用的物理机制，并将为开发月球原位工程解决方案提供重要启示。
Facing the challenges of in-situ utilization of lunar regolith resources, applying an external electric field to manipulate lunar particles has become a promising method for space particle control, which mainly depends on the particle charging properties in the applied electric field. Using the surficial lunar regolith samples brought back from the Moon by the Chang’e-5 mission (CE5 LS), this work successively studied their charging properties, particle dynamics, and their collision damages to aerospace materials under the action of an external electric field in high-vacuum conditions. The results indicated that the charging process and electrostatic projection of lunar regolith particles under high-vacuum conditions were different from those under atmosphere conditions. The particle diameter range of CE5 LS used in the experiment is 27.7-139.0 μm. For electric field strength of 3-12 kV·cm−1, the charge obtained by CE5 LS is 4.8 × 10−15-4.7 × 10−13 C and the charge-to-mass ratio is 1.2 × 10−5-6.8 × 10−4 C·kg−1. The CE5 LS is easier to be negatively charged in an external electric field. Furthermore, significant damages were observed on the target impact surfaces, indicating severe influences of lunar regolith particles on aerospace materials. Our work contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of physical mechanisms controlling the lunar regolith shielding and utilization, and will inspire broad efforts to develop the lunar in-situ engineering solutions.
“嫦娥五号”月壤样品 / 充电特性 / 外电场 / 粒子动力学 / 粒子碰撞
Chang’e-5 lunar regolith sample / Charging properties / External electric field / Particle dynamics / Particle collision
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