能源是人类活动的物质基础，推动了人类文明的演进与社会的发展。化石能源消费为全球带来工业文明巨大进步的同时，也带来了环境问题加剧、气候变化显著、能源贫困突出、能源安全问题凸显等负面影响。我国以煤为主的高碳能源结构和能源消费总量持续快速增长，已成为国内包括大气、水、土壤等关系民生的重大领域环境质量恶化、生态失衡的根本原因之一。开启新的能源革命，实现能源生产、流通、消费等全过程的绿色低碳化，是解决环境和气候变化问题的关键，也是推动我国由工业文明向生态文明转变的基础。本文回顾了人类文明与能源革命的发展历史，从推动

Energy is the foundation of human activities and has driven the evolution of human civilization and social development. Although fossil fuel causes great progress in industrial civilization worldwide, its consumption also brings negative effects, e.g., environmental pollution, global climate change, energy poverty, and energy safety. In the meantime, the fast growing on high-carbon energy and total energy consumption in China has become one of the primary causes of the ecological unbalance and continues domestic environmental deterioration such as air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution, etc. The key to solving the current environmental and climate problems is to promote energy revolution and realize a green life-cycle process of energy production, transmission, consumption. Pushing forward the construction of ecological civilization will also be the basic factor. This paper reviews the history of human culture and energy evolution. It analyzes the trend of global energy evolution and puts forward suggestions to promote energy revolution under the background of construction of ecological civilization.