本文旨在开展新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情背景下医院人工智能（AI）应用的宏观探讨，以期推动我国医院AI应用的顶层设计和快速布局，为健康中国建设提供新路径。 COVID-19疫情发生以来，中国以举国之力实施疫情防控阻击战，同步以捐赠物资、派遣医疗队、分享医疗诊治经验和高科技手段等方式开展全球抗疫协作。在抗击COVID-19疫情的过程中，一线医疗工作展示了有关医疗AI应用丰富且宝贵的经验，体现了AI在抗疫前线发挥的突出作用，表明了我国医院AI建设需求的迫切性和战略性。研究提出，应进行宏观层面的综合布局，整体推动医院AI的快速建设以形成新的医疗生态，为我国未来医院建设找准发展方向、奠定关键基础。为此建议，在政府层面做好整体规划和顶层设计，进行干预关口前移以改变被动应对局面；科学进行资源统筹，加强硬件体系建设，完善数据和专业人员保障制度，为防范大规模呼吸道急性传染病构建必要条件。

This study aims to explore the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with a view for promoting the top-level design and rapid layout of hospital-orientated AI application, in order to provide a new path for the Healthy China Initiative. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic, China has conducted epidemic prevention and control using the strength of the whole country, and simultaneously developed global cooperation by donating medical supplies, sending medical teams, and sharing treatment experience and high technologies. In fighting against the epidemic, the front-line medical staff has obtained valuable experience in medical AI application. AI has played an outstanding role in the anti-epidemic frontline and indicates the urgent and strategic demands for medical AI. After reviewing the medical AI application status and development direction, we suggest that China should make a comprehensive layout of AI application in hospitals nationwide and cultivate a prosperous medical AI ecology, thus to lay a key foundation for future hospital construction in China. To this end, the government should make an overall top-level design for medical AI application and shift forward interventions so as to change the passive situation. It also should scientifically coordinate resources, strengthen hardware construction, improve the databank, and improve the guarantee system for professional teams. Armed with medical AI, hospitals can fight against large-scale acute respiratory infectious diseases with better efficiency.