金属激光增材制造（LAM）技术是支撑航空、航天、医疗等领域智能制造的关键基础技术。本文以问卷与现场调研为主、辅以文献查阅方法，对国内外金属LAM 技术研究和应用的现状与趋势进行系统梳理，总结国外发展经验与启示，分析国内技术发展面临的差距，针对性提出我国LAM 技术发展策略，以期为国家科技与产业发展战略、2035 年领域发展目标的制定提供支持。研究发现，金属LAM 技术的关注点仍为组织性能调控，但形状控制研究相对缺乏；为满足高质量制造的亟需，相关设备的过程监控功能获得高度重视；为提升高价值零件的制造能力与效率，增减材复合加工设备成为新增研发热点；金属LAM 产业的良性发展，需要实施包括材料、工艺、设备、验证、标准、人员培训在内的全产业链整合。研究建议，在夯实研究基础的同时，充分发挥材料基因组技术的作用，加强核心器件自主研发和装备集成的技术研究，稳步推进金属LAM技术的工程化普及应用。

Laser additive manufacturing (LAM) technology for metals is one of the key fundamental technologies for realizing intelligent manufacturing in fields such as aeronautics, astronautics, and medicine. This study summarizes the current status and trends of the LAM technology for metals in China and abroad using questionnaires, on-site surveys, and literature review. It also analyzes the gap between China’s technology development and the international advanced level and proposes a tentative strategy for the development of the LAM technology in China, hoping to provide support for the top design of national technological and industrial strategies and for the formulation of development goals for the LAM technology by 2035. Currently, the research on LAM technology focuses on active control of structure properties while comparatively ignoring control of geometric shapes in LAM. To satisfy the requirements of high-quality manufacturing, process monitoring of LAM equipment is highly valued. To improve the manufacturing capability and efficiency of high-value components, hybrid additive/subtractive manufacturing equipment has become a new research and development hotspot. The sound development of the LAM industry requires integration among the whole industrial chain including material, process, equipment, test, standards, and personnel training. China should fully explore the functions of the material genome technology for strengthening its fundamental research and improve its independent development capacity of core components and research on equipment integration. Moreover, the engineering application of the LAM technology should be conducted gradually.