碳达峰目标、碳中和愿景是国家重大战略，相应目标的提出对仍在快速发展的交通运输领域带来了严峻压力与挑战，推动交通运输尽快实现碳达峰是交通运输高质量发展与绿色转型的重要方向。本文系统分析了交通运输领域绿色发展和碳排放现状，识别出为进一步实现碳达峰目标、碳中和愿景而面临的重大挑战；论证提出了“分类施策、远近结合、先易后难、控增量调存量、积极稳妥推进、梯次有序达峰”的总体思路，针对2060 年前的主要阶段提出了交通运输领域低碳发展的总体路径。结合交通运输的发展趋势，进一步从优化运输结构、提升运输装备能效、推广应用低碳运输装备、提高运输组织效率、鼓励绿色出行等方面着手，详细分析并总结了推动交通碳达峰、碳中和的举措建议，以期为行业高质量发展提供基础参考。

Peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision taken by China and it brings significant pressure and challenges to the transport sector. Peaking carbon emissions is an important direction for the highquality development and green transformation of the transport sector. This study analyzes the status quo of green development and carbon emission in China’s transport sector and identifies the challenges for achieving the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals in the transport sector. The overall idea is to peak carbon emissions actively and steadily by implementing categorized policies, combining short- and long-term goals, controlling carbon emission increment, and adjusting the current emission structure. An overall path for carbon reduction in the transport sector at different stages is proposed. Furthermore, we summarize several key measures to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality in the transport sector: (1) optimizing the transport structure, (2) promoting the energy efficiency of transport equipment, (3) popularizing low-carbon transport equipment, (4) improving the traffic organizing efficiency, and(5) encouraging low-carbon travel modes.