管道输送是经济高效的CO₂运输方式，海洋CO₂运输是离岸碳捕集、利用与封存（CCUS）产业链的关键环节和规模化开展离岸CCUS工程建设所需的核心技术。本文明晰了我国实施离岸CCUS的优势、典型海洋碳运输情境和海洋CO₂运输方式，剖析了国内外海洋CO₂管道输送的技术与工程概况；从CO₂流体相态及流动安全，沿程腐蚀风险评估、监测及预警，CO₂泄漏实时监测技术，高压CO₂泄放及对环境的影响等方面梳理了海洋CO₂管道输送工艺技术现状；从CO₂管道材料断裂行为及止裂措施、高耐蚀及密封材料、碳钢管道长寿命运行的关键腐蚀控制技术、注采井筒的腐蚀风险评估等方面梳理了海洋CO₂管道材料技术现状。研究认为，加快发展适应海洋CO₂管道输送复杂工况的材料体系、全流程CO₂管道的智慧管理与数字孪生技术、海底CO₂管道全生命周期运行关键技术、在役海底管道改输评估与保障技术，采取加快推动我国近海碳封存CO₂管网规划、拓展和深化跨行业/跨机构合作模式创新、系统建设海陆统筹的标准体系、引导专业化技术服务企业深度参与海底CO₂管网建设等举措，促进我国海洋CO₂管道输送体系高质量建设。

Pipeline transportation is an economical and effective way for transferring carbon dioxide (CO₂) to the sea, serving as a key procedure for an offshore carbon capture, utilization and sequestration (CCUS) project, as well as a core technology for the large-scale construction of CCUS projects in China. This study clarifies the advantages of China in the construction of offshore CCUS projects, typical offshore carbon pipeline scenarios, and typical offshore CO₂ transportation modes. It also reviews the technologies and projects in China and abroad regarding offshore CO₂ transportation via pipelines. The current technologies relevant to offshore CO₂ pipeline transportation are systematically reviewed. Specifically, the process technologies include CO₂ fluid state analysis and flow assurance; corrosion evaluation, monitoring, and early warning; real-time monitoring of pipe leakage; and release of high-pressure CO₂ and its environmental impacts. The material technologies include the fracture of pipeline materials and its mitigation, high corrosion-resistant and sealing materials, key corrosion-control techniques for the long-term operation of pipelines, and corrosion risk evaluation of CO₂ injection wells. Further efforts should focus on the following aspects: material selection systems for the complex conditions during offshore CO₂ pipeline transportation, full-chain intelligent management and digital twin technologies for CO₂ pipelines, key technologies regarding the whole life-time operation of subsea CO₂ pipelines, and evaluation and assurance techniques for the transferred transportation pipelines. Furthermore, the following suggestions are proposed to promote the high-quality development of the offshore CO₂ pipeline transportation system in China: (1) promoting the planning of offshore CO₂ pipeline networks, (2) expanding interdisciplinary innovations, (3) establishing standards systems that applicable to both onshore and offshore scenarios, and (4) encouraging the participation of diversified technology service enterprises.