针对石化特种设备中硫化氢（H₂S）应力腐蚀问题现状，综合比较了国际权威机构NACE，EFC以及ISO发布的最新标准、规范，对H2S应力腐蚀的环境界定、试验方法、影响因素、应力腐蚀评价准则及对材料的要求等做了扼要的综述。同时对焊接残余应力的产生、测定方法、消除措施等进行了论述，列举了实际参与研究的发生应力腐蚀容器的实例及残余应力的影响。

To understand the present status of the issue of H₂S stress corrosion in petrochemical special equipment, an integrative comparison among the latest standards released from international authorities such as NACE, EFC and ISO is conducted in this paper. A compendious overview containing the environment definition, test method, influence factor, evaluation standard of stress corrosion and the material demand in H2S stress corrosion issue is accomplished. Meanwhile, a discussion of the causation, test method and elimination measure of welding residual stress has also been done.

张亦良（1955－），女，北京市人，北京工业大学教授，研究方向为疲劳断裂、应力腐蚀及安全评定