空间物理学是1957年人造卫星发射成功后迅速发展起来的一门交叉学科。近50年来，空间已成为人类生存的第四环境，其重要性日益突出。20世纪90年代初，空间物理学与空间应用的密切结合产生了专门研究和预报空间环境中灾害性过程及其变化规律，减轻或防止空间灾害并为人类活动服务的空间天气学。文章简要总结了国外及国内空间物理和空间天气探测的历程和发展趋势，并提出对我国未来空间物理和空间天气探测发展规划和探测路线图的几点建议。

Space physics is a fast-growing cross-discipline science with the advance of satellite technology since 1957. Space environment is becoming more and more important as the fourth living environment for human being. Starting from the early 1990s, space weather is born by applying the fundamentals of space physics to applications. The space weather study is aimed to investigate and alleviate the disaster effects of solar activity on our high-tech systems on the earth and in space. This report gives a brief summary of the history, current status and future direction of the international space physics and space weather exploration and study, and introduces the suggested space physics and space weather mid-long term development strategic plan and exploration roadmap.

王赤（1967－），男，湖南邵阳市人，中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心研究员，主要从事日球太阳风结构和行星际扰动（ＣＭＥ及激波）的传播和演变的数值模拟和数据分析等研究工作