人类进入太空是20世纪伟大的科技成就之一。第一颗人造地球卫星发射至今已有50年，在这期间人类以地球探测为主，包括载人航天和深空探测在内的空间探测活动从未停止过。文章回顾了中国和国际航天50年空间探测的历史，总结了取得的进展和成果，分析了空间探测当前的发展趋势及我国业界当前的任务与存在的问题，提出了相应的建议和对未来中国空间探测的设想。

The entry of outer space is one of the greatest science and technology achievements of mankind in the 20th century. It has been 50 years past since the first man-made satellite launched, and the aerospace exploration activities, including earth observation, manned space flight and deep-space exploration, have never been ceased. This paper retraces the space exploration history of the mankind, summarizes the major research progresses and achievements, analyzes the present development trends and our present tasks and problems, and finally raises several constructive suggestions and sketches out the blue prints of China's space exploration in the future.

姜景山（1936－），男，朝鲜族，吉林龙井市人，中国工程院院士，中国科学院空间科学与应用研究中心国家“八六三”计划微波遥感技术实验室研究员，中国探月工程副总设计师