所建立的小型制冷系统模型包括压缩机、冷凝器、膨胀阀和蒸发器四个部件模型以及使系统封闭的 充灌量模型，实现了所有相关物性参数计算的程序化以便于模型的数值求解。在蒸发器模型中提出了析湿系数 的新算法，加速了模型的计算。用所建立的模型模拟工作参数的变化对系统性能的影响，其结果与实际规律相 符合，证明了该模型的正确性。根据模型得出的定量结果可分析各性能参数变化的相互影响，并对性能参数的 敏感性进行分析，为系统优化和控制提供理论依据。此外，换热器模型还可独立用于各种换热器性能的分析与优化。

According to the definition of the damage variable basing on the stress wave attenuation, this paper makes an expansion to the original numerical manifold program which can only be used to simulate the body deformation of the linear elastic constitutive under the invariable load by adopting the stress wave attenuation damage model. The damage evolution law in the one-dimensional rock long bar under the impact load is simulated with the expanded program, and the damage evolution curves of the different points and the total material are obtained. The simulation results show that the increase of damage mainly happens in the initial time of the impact load, and with the time going on, the intensity of the stress wave attenuates and the damage do not increase evidently.

王婷（1980－），女，辽宁抚顺市人，东北大学热能工程系研究生