首先基于节点方程法，建立了给水管网恒定流数学模型，并采用经改进的牛顿迭代法实现了对模型的求解；其次由特征线法建立了给水管网瞬变流数学模型，可预测管网运行中出现的有害水击，并求得可能出现的最大(最小)水压及其相应发生的位置。实例研究表明，建立的模型是可靠的，且具有计算速度快、精度高等优点，可以用于城市给水管网的水力平衡数值模拟研究和为设计者防护水击所采取的措施提供理论依据。

Firstly,  based on node equation method,  a water distribution pipeline network steady flow mathematical model is established and is solved by using the Newton iteration method.  Secondly,  the mathematic model for transient flow set up by characteristic method can be used to forecast the harmful water hammer occurring in operation of the system,  and to find the possible occurrence of the maximum (minimum) hydraulic pressure and their corresponding happened place.  Sample shows that they are reliable models which have excellent computing efficiency and high order.  The results are that these models can be applied to hydraulic balance calculation for city's water distribution pipeline network and provide the theoretic basis for designer to adopt measures preventing from water hammer.

汪守东（1979－），男，安徽舒城县人，大连理工大学博士研究生，主要从事环境水力学研究