从理论和实验两个方面研究了几种常见的燃烧烟雾在不同波长激光下的散射特性。从Mie散射理论出发，比较几种Mie散射算法的优缺点，采用一种改进的连分式算法对火灾烟雾颗粒的散射光强分布进行计算，得出不同粒径大小和波长下光强分布图。结合理论计算，设计一套实验装置，测量并计算在不同角度下3种烟雾颗粒和面粉气溶胶散射光的相对光强比，实验测量值与理论计算值吻合较好。研究结果表明不同种类烟雾散射光相对光强比互不相同，火灾烟雾与非烟雾气溶胶差距较大，从而表明散射光相对光强比是区分不同烟雾特定的物性参数，为火灾烟雾探测技术发展提供理论依据。

The scattering characteristic of fire smoke is a major aspect in fire smoke detection foundamental research. Based on Mie scattering theory, the paper presented some research on comparison between different algorithms. An improved algorithm was adopted to calculate the scattering intensity and its distribution in all directions. To verify the theoretical calculation results, a set of experiment was designed to measure the light intensity in three directions of different fire smoke. From the experiments results, it could be found that the results of calculation and experiment had a good accord. It can be concluded that the relative ratio of scattering intensity is an important parameter for certain material, and different kinds of smoke by this ratio.