在机械加工领域，切削加工是应用最广泛的一种加工方法，其发展方向主要是研究髙速切削，对超硬材料加工，主要是发展磨削、超声和放电等高效复合加工技术。文章介绍对髙效切削加工和高效复合加工技术的理论研究和技术开发与应用及所取得的重要成果，主要包括高速切削基础理论、陶瓷刀具材料研究新体系和超硬材料断续磨、超声和电火花的复合加工理论与技术的研究开发。生产实际应用结果表明，高效加工技术可以大幅度提髙加工效率，改善加工表面质量，降低加工成本。

The cutting technique is the most widely used technology in machining field and the focus of the majority of cutting technology research has been directed toward high-speed machining. For superhard materials machining, the main trend is the development of new combined technology of grinding, ultrasonic machining (USM) , electrical-discharge machining (EDM) and others. The theoretical and technical research work and results on high efficiency machining and high efficiency combined technology are presented in the paper. They include mainly the fundamental theory of high-speed machining, new system for development of ceramic cutting tool materials as well as the theories and techniques of electrical-discharge grinding machining (EDGM), combined technology of ultrasonic machining (USM) and electrical-discharge machining (EDM) for superhard materials. The results used in practice show that the developed high efficiency machining technologies may greatly promote the machining efficiency, improve the surface quality and reduce the machining cost.