化生武器医学防护是军事医学的重要领域。在世界政治军事形势时有变幻的情况下，21世纪化生武器现实威胁仍然存在，并且由于生物技术等现代科技发展影响，化生武器相关军事技术也将发生重大变化，对于化生武器防护提出了新的要求和挑战。文章讨论了21世纪化生武器及军控基本发展态势，介绍了技术发展趋势，并对未来化生武器防护技术以及医学防护问题的重点需求作了分析和探讨。

The medical protection of chemical and biological ( CB ) weapons is one of the most important categories of military medicine. An realized risk of chemical and biological threat still remain in the 21st century. The rapid progress in biotechnology and other related R&D may provide new change in CB weapon technologies, which will make a great challenge to medical protection in the future. In this paper, the status of CB weapons, CB disarmament and trends in CB defense technology are introduced, and discussions on the key concerns of CB defense and medical protection in the future are presented.