超分辨近场光学成像技术是当前国内外一个重要的高新技术前沿课题，也将是我国21世纪初应该发展的一项高新技术产业。文中介绍了我国自1991年以来开拓研究的进展，探讨了国际学术界及产业开发中当前存在的主要问题，提出了各类超分辨扫描模式成像公式的乘法表达式，并作了分析比较。为解决消除假像和从有形貌等混合图像中分离纯光学图像两大难题，作者曾于1993年和1996年提出两项发明专利，为发展我国的该产业解决了两大技术关键。

The super-resolution near-field optical imaging is an advanced project in the front of high engi-neering science and is an industry that should be developed early in the 21th century in China. In this paper, the historical events and PSTM developments in China are introduced. The imaging expressions of all kinds of the super-resolution near-field optical imaging systems are derived and compared with each others. In general, only with the mode of constant separation of tip-sample may obtain the pure optical image of sample, such as the image of refractive index, reflectivity or transmisivity of sample. The evanescent wave emitted from sample surface and the probe tip smaller than the diffraction limit are the two basic conditions of super-resolution in optical imaging. The other key to obtain the super-resolution is the modulated tip with vertical vibration in the mixture field of evanescent wave and propagating wave in near-field. For the transparent sample PSTM is the best to separate the pure optical image and topography of sampe. The author has applied for two invented patents on PSTM, which will be benificial to the development of PSTM industry in China.