水利工程智能建造的理论思考和发展展望
Intelligent Construction of Water Conservancy Projects: Theoretical Thinking and Development Prospects
水利工程智能建造是数字技术与传统水利工程深度融合的产物,核心价值体现为技术工具革新以及通过理论体系重构推动行业范式升级,助力水利行业从传统建造向智慧服务跨越。本文阐释了包括内涵界定、核心特征、发展演进等在内的水利工程智能建造基本概念,从系统哲学视角、人工智能哲学视角出发审视了水利工程智能建造的认知思维、方法逻辑、实践框架;从复杂系统理论提供解析水利工程复杂性的认知范式、数据科学原理构成水利工程智能决策“引擎”、系统工程方法支撑水利工程全生命期协同管理以及三方面理论的协同机制等角度,构建了水利工程智能建造的理论体系。进一步提出了水利工程智能建造的技术体系,涵盖智能感知、数据融合与分析、智能决策与控制、智能施工装备、全生命期协同、智能材料与绿色建造等技术要素,阐明了各类技术的功能定位和逻辑关联。展望水利工程智能建造未来发展,可在拓展多学科融合的深度与广度、深化数据驱动与物理机理融合、提高人工智能技术的复杂工况适应性、实施“设计 ‒ 施工 ‒ 运行”数模一体化、推进智能建造技术的标准化与规范化等方面采取切实行动,以为国家水安全战略实施与可持续发展提供坚实支撑。
The intelligent construction of water conservancy projects is a product of in-depth integration of digital technologies with conventional water conservancy projects. Its core value is reflected not only in the innovation of technical tools, but more importantly in promoting the upgrading of industry paradigms through the reconstruction of theoretical systems, thereby helping the water conservancy industry achieve its leap from “conventional construction” to “smart services.” This study expounds on the basic concepts of intelligent construction of water conservancy projects, including its definition, core characteristics, and evolution. It examines the cognitive thinking, methodological logic, and practical framework of intelligent construction of water conservancy projects from the perspectives of systems philosophy and artificial intelligence (AI) philosophy. Moreover, the study constructs a theoretical system from the perspectives of complex systems theory, data science, systems engineering, and coordination of these three aspects. Specifically, the complex systems theory provides a cognitive paradigm for analyzing the complexity of water conservancy projects; principles of data science constitute the “engine” for intelligent decision-making in these projects; and systems engineering methods support the lifecycle collaboration of the projects. Furthermore, it proposes a technical system that covers elements such as intelligent perception, data fusion and analysis, intelligent decision-making and control, intelligent construction equipment, lifecycle collaboration, intelligent materials, and green construction, and clarifies the functions and logical relationships of these technologies. Looking forward, practical actions can be taken in the following aspects: expanding the depth and breadth of interdisciplinary integration, deepening the integration of data-driven and physical mechanisms, improving the adaptability of AI technology to complex working conditions, realizing the integration of design ‒ construction ‒ operation digital models, and promoting the standardization of intelligent construction technologies. These efforts will provide solid support for improving the national water security and sustainable development of China.
水利工程 / 智能建造 / 复杂系统 / 数据科学 / 系统工程 / 工程即系统 / 数据驱动决策 / 全生命期协同
water conservancy project / intelligent construction / complex system / data science / systems engineering / engineering as a system / data-driven decision-making / lifecycle coordination
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国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3005504)
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