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《工程(英文)》 >> 2018年 第4卷 第2期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.07.003

高速铁路大断面黄土隧道建设关键技术

a China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute, Beijing 100038, China
b China Railway Corporation, Beijing 100844, China
c Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

收稿日期: 2017-04-07 修回日期: 2017-07-13 录用日期: 2017-07-25 发布日期: 2018-03-15

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摘要

郑州—西安高速铁路工程的顺利建成极大地提升了中国大断面黄土隧道的建设水平,在设计理论和施工技术两方面都取得了重大进展。本文系统总结了中国高速铁路大断面黄土隧道工程的技术特征与主要难题,包括围岩分级、支护结构设计、地表沉降与开裂控制,以及安全快速施工问题。在此基础上针对各技术难题从设计与施工两个方面阐述了高速铁路大断面黄土隧道建设关键技术。研究结果表明:大断面黄土隧道围岩分级应以黄土的地质年代为基础,结合塑性指数和含水量两个指标,并考虑埋深影响进行修正;在隧道开挖扰动影响下,洞周滑动趋势面的地表部分因拉应力超过土体抗拉或抗剪强度而破坏,因其直立性较好而形成可见裂缝;大断面黄土隧道围岩压力计算应根据埋深情况分别采用相应的公式进行计算;采用以三台阶七步开挖法为核心的施工技术体系实现了大断面黄土隧道的安全、快速施工,并根据现场试验优化了施工参数,提出了稳定掌子面的工程措施。研究结论和方法对揭示大断面黄土隧道地层及支护力学特性,优化支护结构设计和施工技术参数具有重要意义。

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