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《工程(英文)》 >> 2023年 第21卷 第2期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.019

全生命周期成本分析框架下的电动公交充电器部署和车队管理

a Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 41296, Sweden
b Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
c State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

收稿日期: 2021-09-29 修回日期: 2022-01-27 录用日期: 2022-07-13 发布日期: 2022-11-11

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摘要

尽管城市交通电气化快速发展,但电池电动公交车(EB)车队的系统规划和管理进展却较为落后。本研究首先综述了影响电池电动系统的基本问题,包括充电站部署、电池尺寸、公交车调度和生命周期分析。目前,EB系统的规划和运行是按顺序进行的,公交车调度是在公交车队和基础设施部署完毕后进行的,这导致了资源利用率低和资源浪费。对此,本文提出了混合整数规划模型整合充电站部署和公交车队管理,以尽可能低的生命周期成本(LCC),包括所有权、运营、维护和排放费用,缩小最佳规划与运营之间的差距。引入了分支定价算法,以减少寻找最佳解决方案所需的计算工作量。本研究还通过分析真实案
例,与目前的公交运营策略和充电站布局相比,一条公交线路的LCC优化后可显著降低30.4%。提出的方法不仅可以进行生命周期分析,还可以为交通部门和运营商提供可靠的充电桩部署及单线和多线的公交调度计划,这两者都是未来具有高电气化普及率的交通系统中决策支持的关键要求,此研究也有助于推动可持续交通的发展。

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