《工程(英文)》 >> 2024年 第35卷 第4期 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.10.018
北京2022年冬奥会六足冰壶机器人机构设计与运动规划
a School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
b Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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摘要
When a curling rock slides on an ice sheet with an initial rotation, a lateral movement occurs, which is known as the curling phenomenon. The force of friction between the curling rock and the ice sheet changes continually with changes in the environment; thus, the sport of curling requires great skill and experience. The throwing of the curling rock is a great challenge in robot design and control, and existing curling robots usually adopt a combination scheme of a wheel chassis and gripper that differs significantly from human throwing movements. A hexapod curling robot that imitates human kicking, sliding, pushing, and curling rock rotating was designed and manufactured by our group, and completed a perfect show during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Smooth switching between the walking and throwing tasks is realized by the robot's morphology transformation based on leg configuration switching. The robot's controlling parameters, which include the kicking velocity vk , pushing velocity vp , orientation angle θc , and rotation velocity ω , are determined by aiming and sliding models according to the estimated equivalent friction coefficient μequ and ratio e of the front and back frictions. The stable errors between the target and actual stopping points converge to 0.2 and 1.105 m in the simulations and experiments, respectively, and the error shown in the experiments is close to that of a well-trained wheelchair curling athlete. This robot holds promise for helping ice-makers rectify ice sheet friction or assisting in athlete training.