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增材制造(3D打印)发展趋势 Perspective
卢秉恒, 李涤尘, 田小永
《工程(英文)》 2015年 第1卷 第1期 页码 85-89 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015012
增材制造又称为3D打印,在过去30年间取得了快速发展并展示出前所未有的发展潜力。同时,这项发展潜力巨大的技术对传统工业也产生了不可估量的影响。3D打印技术将会推动生产模式的变革,通过实现5个“任意”的工艺发展,将会为制造行业带来一个以定制化制造为特征的新时代。3D打印的技术进步及其与传统制造工艺的融合,将推动制造业在材料研发、产品设计、生产工艺等方面进一步创新发展。最终,3D打印技术将与等材制造、减材制造形成三足鼎立局面,共同分享整个社会的制造业价值。
Laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structure surface
Lei WANG, Zi-Han WANG, Yan-Hao YU, Hong-Bo SUN
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第4期 页码 493-503 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0507-9
Functional periodic structures have attracted significant interest due to their natural capabilities in regulating surface energy, surface effective refractive index, and diffraction. Several technologies are used for the fabrication of these functional structures. The laser interference technique in particular has received attention because of its simplicity, low cost, and high-efficiency fabrication of large-area, micro/nanometer-scale, and periodically patterned structures in air conditions. Here, we reviewed the work on laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structures for antireflection, self-cleaning, and superhydrophobicity based on our past and current research. For the common cases, four-beam interference and multi-exposure of two-beam interference were emphasized for their setup, structure diversity, and various applications for antireflection, self-cleaning, and superhydrophobicity. The relations between multi-beam interference and multi-exposure of two-beam interference were compared theoretically and experimentally. Nanostructures as a template for growing nanocrystals were also shown to present future possible applications in surface chemical control. Perspectives on future directions and applications for laser interference were presented.
关键词: laser interference four-beam interference multi-exposure of two-beam interference additive fabrication
Mesoscale fabrication of a complex surface for integral impeller blades
Xibin WANG,Tianfeng ZHOU,Lijing XIE,Li JIAO,Zhibing LIU,Zhiqiang LIANG,Pei YAN
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第12卷 第1期 页码 116-131 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0426-1
Integral impeller is the most important component of a mini-engine. However, the machining of a mesoscale impeller with a complex integral surface is difficult because of its compact size and high accuracy requirement. A mesoscale component is usually manufactured by milling. However, a conventional milling tool cannot meet the machining requirements because of its size and stiffness. For the fabrication of a complex integral impeller, a micro-ball-end mill is designed in accordance with the non-instantaneous-pole envelope principle and manufactured by grinding based on the profile model of the helical groove and the mathematical model of the cutting edge curve. Subsequently, fractal theory is applied to characterize the surface quality of the integral impeller. The fractal theory-based characterization shows that the completed mesoscale integral impeller exhibits a favorable performance in terms of mechanical properties and morphological accuracy.
关键词: mesoscale fabrication micro-milling tool mesoscale milling impeller blade
韩品连
《工程(英文)》 2017年 第3卷 第5期 页码 648-652 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.017
喷气发动机部件的增材设计(AD)和增材制造(AM)将彻底改变传统的航空航天工业。增材设计的独特性开创了喷气发动机设计和制造的新方向,比如梯度材料和微观结构。工程师已经从传统方法和技术的诸多限制中解放出来。增材制造过程最重要的特征之一是其可以确保零件的一致性,因为它始于点,继而到线和层面,直至整个部件完成。设计和制造之间的协调是空气动力学、热力学、结构整合、传热、材料开发和加工等方面取得成功的关键。工程师必须改变设计零件的方式,因为他们要从传统的“减材”方法转移到“增材”的新方法来制造零件。增材设计与增材制造设计不一样。我们需要一种新方法和新工具来协助这种新的设计和制方式。本文详细讨论了增材设计与增材制造中的需求,以及如何解决当前的问题。
Sheng WANG, Jun WANG, Yingjie XU, Weihong ZHANG, Jihong ZHU
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第15卷 第2期 页码 319-327 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0549-7
关键词: lattice structure polymer compressive behavior additive manufacturing simulation
Topology optimization based on reduction methods with applications to multiscale design and additive
Emmanuel TROMME, Atsushi KAWAMOTO, James K. GUEST
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第15卷 第1期 页码 151-165 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0564-8
关键词: multiscale topology optimization micro-structure additive manufacturing reduction techniques substructuring static condensation super-element
Jinghua XU, Hongsheng SHENG, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN, Jinlian DENG
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第16卷 第1期 页码 133-150 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0610-6
关键词: surface accuracy optimization multiple circular holes additive manufacturing (AM) part build orientation triangular fuzzy number (TFN) digital twins
Manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization for additive manufacturing
Jikai LIU, Qian CHEN, Xuan LIANG, Albert C. TO
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第14卷 第2期 页码 213-221 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0536-z
关键词: topology optimization manufacturing cost additive manufacturing powder bed
A multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus based on the friction-induced fabrication method
Zhijiang WU, Chenfei SONG, Jian GUO, Bingjun YU, Linmao QIAN
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第8卷 第4期 页码 333-339 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0276-4
A novel multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus was developed based on the friction-induced fabrication method. The main parts of the apparatus include actuating device, loading system, and control system. With a motorized linear stage, the maximum fabrication area of 50 mm × 50 mm can be achieved, and the maximum sliding speed of probes can be as high as 10 mm/s. Through locating steel micro balls into indents array, the preparation of multi-probe array can be realized by a simple and low-cost way. The cantilever was designed as a structure of deformable parallelogram with two beams, by which the fabrication force can be precisely controlled. Combining the friction-induced scanning with selective etching in KOH solution, various micro-patterns were fabricated on Si(100) surface without any masks or exposure. As a low-cost and high efficiency fabrication device, the multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus may encourage the development of friction-induced fabrication method and shed new light on the texture engineering.
关键词: friction-induced fabrication silicon surface texture friction multi-probe
Enhancing thermostability of -mannanase by protective additives
LIU Zhaohui, QI Wei, WU Weina, LIU Yue, HE Zhimin
《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第4期 页码 439-442 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0062-8
关键词: protective additive g/L orthogonal experimental combination additive corresponding
Process development for green part printing using binder jetting additive manufacturing
Hadi MIYANAJI, Morgan ORTH, Junaid Muhammad AKBAR, Li YANG
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第13卷 第4期 页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0508-8
Originally developed decades ago, the binder jetting additive manufacturing (BJ-AM) process possesses various advantages compared to other additive manufacturing (AM) technologies such as broad material compatibility and technological expandability. However, the adoption of BJ-AM has been limited by the lack of knowledge with the fundamental understanding of the process principles and characteristics, as well as the relatively few systematic design guideline that are available. In this work, the process design considerations for BJ-AM in green part fabrication were discussed in detail in order to provide a comprehensive perspective of the design for additive manufacturing for the process. Various process factors, including binder saturation, in-process drying, powder spreading, powder feedstock characteristics, binder characteristics and post-process curing, could significantly affect the printing quality of the green parts such as geometrical accuracy and part integrity. For powder feedstock with low flowability, even though process parameters could be optimized to partially offset the printing feasibility issue, the qualities of the green parts will be intrinsically limited due to the existence of large internal voids that are inaccessible to the binder. In addition, during the process development, the balanced combination between the saturation level and in-process drying is of critical importance in the quality control of the green parts.
关键词: binder jetting additive manufacturing green part process optimization process development
Shutian LIU,Quhao LI,Wenjiong CHEN,Liyong TONG,Gengdong CHENG
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第10卷 第2期 页码 126-137 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0340-3
Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, such as selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused deposition modeling (FDM), have become the powerful tools for direct manufacturing of complex parts. This breakthrough in manufacturing technology makes the fabrication of new geometrical features and multiple materials possible. Past researches on designs and design methods often focused on how to obtain desired functional performance of the structures or parts, specific manufacturing capabilities as well as manufacturing constraints of AM were neglected. However, the inherent constraints in AM processes should be taken into account in design process. In this paper, the enclosed voids, one type of manufacturing constraints of AM, are investigated. In mathematics, enclosed voids restriction expressed as the solid structure is simply-connected. We propose an equivalent description of simply-connected constraint for avoiding enclosed voids in structures, named as virtual temperature method (VTM). In this method, suppose that the voids in structure are filled with a virtual heating material with high heat conductivity and solid areas are filled with another virtual material with low heat conductivity. Once the enclosed voids exist in structure, the maximum temperature value of structure will be very high. Based upon this method, the simply-connected constraint is equivalent to maximum temperature constraint. And this method can be easily used to formulate the simply-connected constraint in topology optimization. The effectiveness of this description method is illustrated by several examples. Based upon topology optimization, an example of 3D cantilever beam is used to illustrate the trade-off between manufacturability and functionality. Moreover, the three optimized structures are fabricated by FDM technology to indicate further the necessity of considering the simply-connected constraint in design phase for AM.
关键词: additive manufacturing topology optimization manufacturability constraints design for additive manufacturing simply-connected constraint
Precision glass molding: Toward an optimal fabrication of optical lenses
Liangchi ZHANG,Weidong LIU
《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第12卷 第1期 页码 3-17 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0408-3
It is costly and time consuming to use machining processes, such as grinding, polishing and lapping, to produce optical glass lenses with complex features. Precision glass molding (PGM) has thus been developed to realize an efficient manufacture of such optical components in a single step. However, PGM faces various technical challenges. For example, a PGM process must be carried out within the super-cooled region of optical glass above its glass transition temperature, in which the material has an unstable non-equilibrium structure. Within a narrow window of allowable temperature variation, the glass viscosity can change from 105 to 1012 Pa·s due to the kinetic fragility of the super-cooled liquid. This makes a PGM process sensitive to its molding temperature. In addition, because of the structural relaxation in this temperature window, the atomic structure that governs the material properties is strongly dependent on time and thermal history. Such complexity often leads to residual stresses and shape distortion in a lens molded, causing unexpected changes in density and refractive index. This review will discuss some of the central issues in PGM processes and provide a method based on a manufacturing chain consideration from mold material selection, property and deformation characterization of optical glass to process optimization. The realization of such optimization is a necessary step for the Industry 4.0 of PGM.
关键词: precision glass molding optical lens constitutive modeling optimization manufacturing chain Industry 4.0
纪欢乐,张青松,吴斌斌,梁天水
《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第11期 页码 82-87
为研究自制细水雾添加剂中主要成分对灭火性能的影响,在开放空间,进行了不同工作压力、不同浓度、不同燃料条件下含添加剂细水雾的灭火研究,实验获取了灭火时间、火焰形态、火焰温度等灭火参数。通过对柴油和汽油两种不同燃料的灭火实验发现,使用含添加剂的细水雾对低沸点、高蒸发速率的汽油灭火效果同样较好。根据加入不同浓度的氟表面活性剂的实验结果比照发现,氟表面活性剂是自制添加剂中起到主要提升灭火性能作用的物质,它通过改变细水雾物理性质使加入自制添加剂的细水雾的灭火性能显著提高。对比调整自制添加剂各物质含量的实验数据,进一步确定添加剂各成分最佳灭火性能浓度。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
Laser interference fabrication of large-area functional periodic structure surface
Lei WANG, Zi-Han WANG, Yan-Hao YU, Hong-Bo SUN
期刊论文
Mesoscale fabrication of a complex surface for integral impeller blades
Xibin WANG,Tianfeng ZHOU,Lijing XIE,Li JIAO,Zhibing LIU,Zhiqiang LIANG,Pei YAN
期刊论文
Compressive behavior and energy absorption of polymeric lattice structures made by additive manufacturing
Sheng WANG, Jun WANG, Yingjie XU, Weihong ZHANG, Jihong ZHU
期刊论文
Topology optimization based on reduction methods with applications to multiscale design and additive
Emmanuel TROMME, Atsushi KAWAMOTO, James K. GUEST
期刊论文
Surface accuracy optimization of mechanical parts with multiple circular holes for additive manufacturing
Jinghua XU, Hongsheng SHENG, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN, Jinlian DENG
期刊论文
Manufacturing cost constrained topology optimization for additive manufacturing
Jikai LIU, Qian CHEN, Xuan LIANG, Albert C. TO
期刊论文
A multi-probe micro-fabrication apparatus based on the friction-induced fabrication method
Zhijiang WU, Chenfei SONG, Jian GUO, Bingjun YU, Linmao QIAN
期刊论文
Enhancing thermostability of -mannanase by protective additives
LIU Zhaohui, QI Wei, WU Weina, LIU Yue, HE Zhimin
期刊论文
Process development for green part printing using binder jetting additive manufacturing
Hadi MIYANAJI, Morgan ORTH, Junaid Muhammad AKBAR, Li YANG
期刊论文
An identification method for enclosed voids restriction in manufacturability design for additive manufacturing
Shutian LIU,Quhao LI,Wenjiong CHEN,Liyong TONG,Gengdong CHENG
期刊论文
Precision glass molding: Toward an optimal fabrication of optical lenses
Liangchi ZHANG,Weidong LIU
期刊论文