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期刊论文 13

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Mobile CRISPR-Cas9 based anti-phage system in E. coli

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期   页码 1281-1289 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2141-7

摘要： Escherichia coli is one of the most important microbial cell factories, but infection by bacteriophages in the environment may have a huge impact on its application in industrial production. Here, we developed a mobile CRISPR-Cas9 based anti-phage system for bacteriophages defense in E. coli. Two conjugative plasmids pGM1 (phosphoglucomutase 1) and pGM2 carrying one and two guide RNAs, respectively, were designed to defend against a filamentous phage. The results showed that the pGM1 and pGM2 could decrease the phage infection rate to 1.6% and 0.2% respectively in infected cells. For preventing phage infection in E. coli, the pGM2 decreased the phage infection rate to 0.1%, while pGM1 failed to block phage infection. Sequence verification revealed that point mutations in protospacer or protospacer adjacent motif sequences of the phage genome caused loss of the defense function. These results support the potential application of MCBAS in E. coli cell factories to defend against phage infections.

关键词： phage infections     anti-phage     CRISPR-Cas9     conjugative transfer     synthetic biology    

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Risk stratification system for skin and soft tissue infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 957-968 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0910-1

摘要： Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) refer to infections involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, and muscle. In transplant populations with hematological malignancies, an immunocompromised status and the routine use of immunosuppressants increase the risk of SSTIs greatly. However, to date, the profiles and clinical outcomes of SSTIs in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients remain unclear. This study included 228 patients (3.67%) who developed SSTIs within 180 days after allogeneic HSCT from January 2004 to December 2019 in Peking University People’s Hospital. The overall annual survival rate was 71.5%. We compared the differences between survivors and non-survivors a year after transplant and found that primary platelet graft failure (PPGF), comorbidities of acute kidney injury (AKI), and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) were independent risk factors for death in the study population. A PPGF–AKI–HAP risk stratification system was established with a mortality risk score of 1×PPGF+1×AKI+1×HAP. The areas under the curves of internal and external validation were 0.833 (95% CI 0.760–0.906) and 0.826 (95% CI 0.715–0.937), respectively. The calibration plot revealed the high consistency of the estimated risks, and decision curve analysis showed considerable net benefits for patients.

关键词： skin and soft tissue infections     hematopoietic stem cell transplantation     risk stratification system     mortality    

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Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 275-276 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0285-z

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Protection of inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with comorbidities: a prospective

《医学前沿（英文）》   页码 867-877 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-0995-9

摘要： Protection against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection of inactivated vaccines is not well characterized in people with comorbidities, who are at high risk of severe infection. We compared the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection after complete vaccination with Sinopharm/BBIBP in people with comorbidities (e.g., autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and diabetes) with healthy individuals using a Cox-proportional hazard model. In July–September 2021, a total of 10 548 people (comorbidities, 2143; healthy, 8405) receiving the complete primary series of vaccination with Sinopharm/BBIBP in Bangkok, Thailand were prospectively followed for SARS-CoV-2 infection through text messaging and telephone interviewing for 6 months. A total of 295 infections from 284 participants were found. HRs (95% CI) of individuals with any comorbidities did not increase (unadjusted, 1.02 (0.77–1.36), P = 0.89; adjusted, 1.04 (0.78–1.38), P = 0.81). HRs significantly increased in the subgroup of autoimmune diseases (unadjusted, 2.64 (1.09–6.38), P = 0.032; adjusted, 4.45 (1.83–10.83), P = 0.001) but not in cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, or diabetes. The protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection of the Sinopharm vaccine was similar in participants with any comorbidities vs. healthy individuals. However, the protection appeared lower in the subgroup of autoimmune diseases, which may reflect suboptimal immune responses among these people.

关键词： COVID-19     Sinopharm/BBIBP vaccine     immunocompromised patients     real-world    

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Bacteriophages in water pollution control: Advantages and limitations

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1378-y

摘要：

•Phages can be better indicators of enteric viruses than fecal indicator bacteria.

关键词： Phage     Water pollution monitoring     Harmful bacteria biocontrol     Horizontal gene transfer     Bacterial resistance    

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Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0041-3

摘要： From April to June, 2004, an outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURTI) occurred in the north area of Jiangsu Province, China. Twenty throat swabs were collected with 13 of them presenting an adenovirus (Ad)-like cytopathogenic effect on HEp-2. These were verified as Ad by the electron microscope, direct immunofluorescence assay and Ad primer-mediated PCR. Moreover, they were identified as adenovirus type 3 (Ad3) by type-specific PCR and sequencing of the amplification products. Subsequent serologic studies were carried out to finally diagnose and document the outbreak. The neutralization test of paired serum of six in nine cases show obviously increased antibodies titers. The positive rate of IgM, IgG and recovery phase neutralization antibodies of the cases were 3.7%, 44.4% and 59.5% respectively while those of the controls were 0%, 8.3% and 33.3% respectively. The values of Chi-Square were 0.510, 0.018 and 0.226 respectively. The concordance between IgG detected by ELISA and neutralization anti bodies detected by the neutralization test was 61.4% and the value of Kappa was 0.070. By the serologic study, we can definitively diagnose that this outbreak of acute respiratory infections was caused by Adenovirus 3.

关键词： Twenty     Adenovirus     cytopathogenic     type-specific     AURTI    

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Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 58-75 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0601-0

摘要：

With the increasing number of immunocompromised hosts, the epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections have undergone enormous changes worldwide, including in China. In this paper, we reviewed the existing data on mycosis across China to summarize available epidemiological profiles. We found that the general incidence of superficial fungal infections in China has been stable, but the incidence of tinea capitis has decreased and the transmission route has changed. By contrast, the overall incidence of invasive fungal infections has continued to rise. The occurrence of candidemia caused by species other than and including some uncommon species has increased recently in China. Infections caused by have also propagated in recent years, particularly with the emergence of azole-resistant . An increasing trend of cryptococcosis has been noted in China, with var. ST 5 genotype isolates as the predominant pathogen. Retrospective studies have suggested that the epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia in China may be similar to those in other developing countries. Endemic fungal infections, such as sporotrichosis in Northeastern China, must arouse research, diagnostic, and treatment vigilance. Currently, the epidemiological data on mycosis in China are variable and fragmentary. Thus, a nationwide epidemiological research on fungal infections in China is an important need for improving the country’s health.

关键词： fungi     infection     epidemiology     China    

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infections among diarrheal outpatients in Shanghai: a retrospective case study

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 98-103 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0614-3

摘要：

Cyclospora cayetanensis is a foodborne and waterborne pathogen that causes endemic and epidemic human diarrhea worldwide. A few epidemiological studies regarding C. cayetanensis infections in China have been conducted. During 2013, a total of 291 stool specimens were collected from patients with diarrhea at a hospital in urban Shanghai. C. cayetanensis was not detected in any of the stool specimens by traditional microscopy, whereas five stool specimens (1.72%, 5/291) were positive by PCR. These positive cases confirmed by molecular technology were all in the adult group (mean age 27.8 years; 2.94%, 5/170) with watery diarrhea. Marked infection occurred in the rainy season of May and July. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the partial 18S rRNA genes of C. cayetanensis isolated showed intra-species diversity of this parasite. This study showed, for the first time, that C. cayetanensis is a pathogen in outpatients with diarrhea in Shanghai, albeit at a low level. However, the transmission dynamics of this parasite in these patients remain uncertain.

关键词： Cyclospora cayetanensis     outpatients with diarrhea     stool specimens     18S rRNA gene    

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Gynecologic infections seen in ThinPrep cytological test in Wuhan, China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 236-240 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0322-6

摘要：

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of bacterial, Candida, Trichomonas, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in ThinPrep cytological test (TCT) performed on women of Wuhan, China. ThinPrep smears were screened by two independent experienced pathologists and reported from 2008 to 2010. A total of 46 866 ThinPrep smears were studied, and smears with inflammation were analyzed. Of the 44 162 enrolled patients, inflammation changes were observed in 21 935 (49.7%) and specific infections in 6884 (31.4%). The infections detected were as follows: bacteria, 5663 (82.3%); Candida, 825 (12.0%); Trichomonas, 273 (4.0%); and HPV, 148 (2.1%). Significant changes were found in the prevalence of bacteria and Candidaamong women who underwent TCT before and after 2010. χ2 revealed an increasing proportion of specific infections found in smears after 2010 (P=0.000). In conclusion, bacterial infection was the most detectable in the ThinPrep smears, followed by Candida and Trichomonas. The prevalence of infection identified by TCT was found to be similar in previous literature in China.

关键词： ThinPrep cytological test     human papillomavirus     Candida infection     Trichomonas infection     bacterial infection    

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Genome editing for the treatment of tumorigenic viral infections and virus-related carcinomas

Lan Yu, Xun Tian, Chun Gao, Ping Wu, Liming Wang, Bei Feng, Xiaomin Li, Hui Wang, Ding Ma, Zheng Hu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第5期   页码 497-508 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0572-1

摘要：

Viral infections cause at least 10%–15% of all human carcinomas. Over the last century, the elucidation of viral oncogenic roles in many cancer types has provided fundamental knowledge on carcinogenetic mechanisms and established a basis for the early intervention of virus-related cancers. Meanwhile, rapidly evolving genome-editing techniques targeting viral DNA/RNA have emerged as novel therapeutic strategies for treating virus-related carcinogenesis and have begun showing promising results. This review discusses the recent advances of genome-editing tools for treating tumorigenic viruses and their corresponding cancers, the challenges that must be overcome before clinically applying such genome-editing technologies, and more importantly, the potential solutions to these challenges.

关键词： genome-editing tools     tumorigenic virus     delivery method     off-target effect     virus-related carcinoma    

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Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1333-y

摘要：

• Staff members were not colonised with MRSA.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance     Airborne MRSA     Bioaerosols     Healthcare-associated infections     Healthcare worker     Occupational health    

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Prevention of surgical site infection under different ventilation systems in operating room environment

Zhijian Liu, Haiyang Liu, Hang Yin, Rui Rong, Guoqing Cao, Qihong Deng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1327-9

摘要： Abstract • The effectiveness of four different ventilation systems was compared in depth. • Airflow and bacteria-carrying particles concentration were quantitatively analyzed. • Vertical laminar airflow with high airflow rate could not achieve desired effect. • Temperature-controlled airflow ventilation could guarantee air cleanliness. Biological particles in the operating room (OR) air environment can cause surgical site infections (SSIs). Various ventilation systems have been employed in ORs to ensure an ultraclean environment. However, the effect of different ventilation systems on the control of bacteria-carrying particles (BCPs) released from the surgical staff during surgery is unclear. In this study, the performance of four different ventilation systems (vertical laminar airflow ventilation (VLAF), horizontal laminar airflow ventilation (HLAF), differential vertical airflow ventilation (DVAF), and temperature-controlled airflow ventilation (TAF)) used in an OR was evaluated and compared based on the spatial BCP concentration. The airflow field in the OR was solved by the Renormalization Group (RNG) k-e turbulence model, and the BCP phase was calculated by Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) and the discrete random walk (DRW) model. It was found that the TAF system was the most effective ventilation system among the four ventilation systems for ensuring air cleanliness in the operating area. This study also indicated that air cleanliness in the operating area depended not only on the airflow rate of the ventilation system but also on the airflow distribution, which was greatly affected by obstacles such as surgical lamps and surgical staff.

关键词： Operating room (OR)     Bacteria-carrying particles (BCPs)     Surgical site infections (SSIs)     Ventilation    

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新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情全球大流行带来的启示——环境因素在未来突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系中的作用 Perspective

王晓蕾, 吴丰昌, 赵晓丽, 张笑, 王珺瑜, 牛琳, 梁为纲, Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, John P. Giesy

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第8卷 第1期   页码 108-115 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.019

摘要：

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）在全球的大流行威胁着诸多国家当前的突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系（PHERS）。尽管有许多影响病毒存活和在物种间传播的环境因素在PHERS中发挥着重要作用，但目前对这些因素的重视仍然不足。本研究描述并阐明了环境因素在未来PHERS中的作用，提出为提高各国应对COVID-19 等与病毒感染相关的突发公共卫生事件的能力，在此类突发公共卫生事件发生之前、之时和之后都应考虑环境因素的影响与作用。在疫情暴发前，需要加强环境保护和野生动物保护，对动物和热点地区进行病毒的详细监测，完善疫情的早期预警体系。在疫情发生的时候，需要加强环境因素对病毒行为影响的相关研究，采取措施来最大限度地减少次生环境风险，并及时对病毒带来的风险和次生环境风险进行评估，以减少疫情对人类健康和生态系统的影响。在疫情发生之后，要进一步加强病毒监测，预防病毒传播，坚持最小化次生环境风险的控制措施，增强预测疫情发生和复发的能力，为下一次疫情突发做好准备。同时，应该在“一个健康”（One Health）理念（认为全球的人类健康和环境健康是密不可分的）的基础上，恢复人类正常的生活和生产。本文提出的建议对于提高各国应对突发公共卫生事件的能力至关重要。

关键词： 突发公共卫生事件     突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系     环境因素     预防和控制     病毒性感染    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Mobile CRISPR-Cas9 based anti-phage system in E. coli

期刊论文

Risk stratification system for skin and soft tissue infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell

期刊论文

Compiling of comprehensive data of human infections with novel influenza A (H7N9) virus

null

期刊论文

Protection of inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with comorbidities: a prospective

期刊论文

Bacteriophages in water pollution control: Advantages and limitations

期刊论文

Serologic study on the outbreak of acute upper respiratory tract infections caused by adenovirus 3

JIANG Lufang, JU Liwen, LIN Yuzun, ZHOU Liandi, YU Shunzhang, JIANG Qingwu, JIANG Renjie

期刊论文

Epidemiology of fungal infections in China

null

期刊论文

infections among diarrheal outpatients in Shanghai: a retrospective case study

null

期刊论文

Gynecologic infections seen in ThinPrep cytological test in Wuhan, China

null

期刊论文

Genome editing for the treatment of tumorigenic viral infections and virus-related carcinomas

Lan Yu, Xun Tian, Chun Gao, Ping Wu, Liming Wang, Bei Feng, Xiaomin Li, Hui Wang, Ding Ma, Zheng Hu

期刊论文

Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes

期刊论文

Prevention of surgical site infection under different ventilation systems in operating room environment

Zhijian Liu, Haiyang Liu, Hang Yin, Rui Rong, Guoqing Cao, Qihong Deng

期刊论文

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情全球大流行带来的启示——环境因素在未来突发公共卫生事件应急响应体系中的作用

王晓蕾, 吴丰昌, 赵晓丽, 张笑, 王珺瑜, 牛琳, 梁为纲, Kenneth Mei Yee Leung, John P. Giesy

期刊论文