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How did Archimedes discover the law of buoyancy by experiment?
Hidetaka KUROKI
《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第11卷 第1期 页码 26-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0368-z
After Archimedes and Vitruvius era, for more than 2000 years, it has been believed that the displaced water measurement of golden crown is impossible, and at his Eureka moment, Archimedes discovered the law of buoyancy (Proposition 7 of his principles) and proved the theft of a goldsmith by weighing the golden crown in water.
A previous study showed that a small amount of displaced water was able to be measured with enough accuracy by the introduced method. Archimedes measured the weight of displaced water. He did not find the law of buoyancy but rather specific gravity of things at the moment.
After which, Archimedes continued to measure the specific gravity of various solids and fluids. Through these measurements, he reached the discovery of the law of buoyancy directly by experiment. In this paper, the process to the discovery of Archimedes’ principle (Proposition 5) is presented.
关键词： Archimedes’ principle buoyancy specific gravity Eureka Vitruvius displaced water balance floating body
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