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Green catalytic engineering: A powerful tool for sustainable development in chemical industry

Kequan Chen, Dangguo Cheng, Chong Peng, Dan Wang, Jintao Zhang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期页码 835-837 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1756-1

摘要：

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Operando modeling and measurements: Powerful tools for revealing the mechanism of alkali carbonate-based

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期页码 380-389 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0872-x

摘要： Alkali carbonate-based sorbents (ACSs), including Na₂CO₃- and K₂CO₃-based sorbents, are promising for CO₂ capture. However, the complex sorbent components and operation conditions lead to the versatile kinetics of CO₂ sorption on these sorbents. This paper proposed that operando modeling and measurements are powerful tools to understand the mechanism of sorbents in real operating conditions, facilitating the sorbent development, reactor design, and operation parameter optimization. It reviewed the theoretical simulation achievements during the development of ACSs. It elucidated the findings obtained by utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, and classical molecular dynamics (CMD) simulations as well. The hygroscopicity of sorbent and the humidity of gas flow are crucial to shifting the carbonation reaction from the gas−solid mode to the gas−liquid mode, boosting the kinetics. Moreover, it briefly introduced a machine learning (ML) approach as a promising method to aid sorbent design. Furthermore, it demonstrated a conceptual compact operando measurement system in order to understand the behavior of ACSs in the real operation process. The proposed measurement system includes a micro fluidized-bed (MFB) reactor for kinetic analysis, a multi-camera sub-system for 3D particle movement tracking, and a combined Raman and IR sub-system for solid/gas components and temperature monitoring. It is believed that this system is useful to evaluate the real-time sorbent performance, validating the theoretical prediction and promoting the industrial scale-up of ACSs for CO₂ capture.

关键词： CO₂ capture carbonation theoretical modeling operando techniques reaction visualization

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CAR T-cell immunotherapy: a powerful weapon for fighting hematological B-cell malignancies

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 783-804 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0904-z

摘要： The current standard of care in hematological malignancies has brought considerable clinical benefits to patients. However, important bottlenecks still limit optimal achievements following a current medical practice. The genetic complexity of the diseases and the heterogeneity of tumor clones cause difficulty in ensuring long-term efficacy of conventional treatments for most hematological disorders. Consequently, new treatment strategies are necessary to improve clinical outcomes. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) immunotherapy opens a new path for targeted therapy of hematological malignancies. In this review, through a representative case study, we summarize the current experience of CAR T-cell therapy, the management of common side effects, the causative mechanisms of therapy resistance, and new strategies to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy.

关键词： CAR T cells hematological malignancies review

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世界上最大的运载火箭

Mitch Leslie

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第5期页码 822-823 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.08.010

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Study of recombinant human IFN-α-2b bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer cells and against bladder cancer cell in vitro

FAN Xiaodong, HAN Ruifa

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 377-380 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0073-8

摘要： Presently, one of the most potent immunotherapies is the application of bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) to prevent recurrences of the superficial bladder cancer. Despite its successful use, nonresponders and certain side effects remain a major obstacle. Therefore, current studies aim at developing recombinant BCG (rBCG) strains secreting Th1-like cytokines to improve the effectiveness of the therapy. In this study, a new type of rBCG strain constructed by Tianjin institute of Urology was tested for its immunostimulatory capacity . Peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) were stimulated by recombinant BCG and transformed into bacilli Calmette–Guerin activated killer (BAK) cells, and the effect of anticancer BAK cells was studied. Recombinant IFN--2b-BCG, wild-type BCG (wBCG), wild-type BCG and IFN--2b were coincubated with PBMCs respectively , and the proliferation of PBMC was detected with MTT in different time. BAK cells have the ability to kill bladder tumor cells, and the antitumor activity of effecter cells was determined by LDH release assay. The result of MTT showed that the proliferation of PBMC in the recombinant BCG group was more powerful than in the other two groups (<0.05). The result of LDH release assay showed that the antitumor activity of BAK cells stimulated by Recombinant BCG was the highest in all groups. We conclude that the recombinant BCG can activate more PBMCs to anti-bladder cancer than wild-type BCG does.

关键词： Urology powerful 2b-BCG Tianjin institute wild-type

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中国汽车产业强国发展战略研究

董扬,许艳华,庞天舒,邹朋

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第1期页码 37-44 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.01.006

摘要：

汽车产业作为国民经济的重要支撑产业，对国家综合经济实力的提升起着至关重要的作用。为应对全球汽车产业的电动化变革、智能网联化、生产运营模式逐步革新的形势，制定我国的汽车产业强国发展战略，对提高我国的汽车产业国际竞争力具有非常重要的价值和意义。本文通过新变革下国内外汽车产业分析，得出国内汽车产业所面临的机遇和存在的问题，如新能源汽车产业与智能网联化发展。通过建立以中国汽车本土企业为主体的多链条交叉式发展路径，为我国的汽车产业强国发展战略的制定提供相应的措施建议。

关键词：汽车产业中国品牌战略强国发展路径

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从矿产资源大国到矿产资源强国：目标、措施与建议

陈其慎,干勇,延建林,张艳飞,邢佳韵,龙涛,常润华,肖丽俊

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第1期页码 49-54 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.007

摘要：

我国矿产资源“大而不强”，远远落后于美国、日本、澳大利亚、加拿大等国，未来10年是我国由矿产资源大国走向矿产资源强国的关键阶段，建设矿产资源强国是当前我国面临的重要发展问题。本文针对中国矿产资源现状及问题，结合西方矿产资源强国经验，提出了中国建设矿产资源强国的“三步走”战略。提出了提升全球矿产资源经略能力，大幅提升国内矿产资源可持续发展能力，建立统一的矿产资源管理制度三大矿产资源强国措施。从科学推进矿产资源产业链布局，积极实施矿产资源“一带一路”合作，全面启动城市矿产回收利用布局三个方面提出了矿产资源强国建议。最后，本文分别从煤炭、石油、天然气等化石能源，太阳能、风能等可再生能源，铁、铜、铝等大宗金属矿产以及稀土、稀散、稀有矿产的角度，提出了我国重要矿产资源的发展方向。

关键词：矿产资源一带一路国际化

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中医方证代谢组学——中药效应评价的有效途径 Review

张爱华, 孙晖, 闫广利, 韩莹, 赵琦琦, 王喜军

《工程（英文）》 2019年第5卷第1期页码 60-68 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.008

摘要：

有效性评价是发现中药药效物质基础、先导化合物和质量标志物的重要前提，因此急需建立一种生物学语言，将中药有效性科学地表达出来，进一步凸显中医药的实用价值。证候和方剂是中医药的重要组成部分，与中药有效性直接相关。我们以证候和方剂为研究对象，建立了科学评价中药有效性的创新方法学体系——中医方证代谢组学。它将中药血清药物化学理论与代谢组学技术有机整合，在解决证候生物标记物的基础上，建立方剂药效生物评价体系，发现并确认中药药效物质基础。该策略为提高中医理论和临床实践的科学价值提供了有力支持。本文概述了中医方证代谢组学的研究策略，利用该方法揭示临床常见中医证候生物标记物及开展相关方剂的有效性评价研究，着重阐述了中药药效物质基础及质量标记物的发现。

关键词：中医方证代谢组学中药血清药物化学有效性代谢组学证候生物标记物质量标记物