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生产性服务业，标准化体系，标准国际化 1

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生产性服务业标准化体系发展策略研究

靳宗振,庄力健,向宁

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第3期页码 25-31 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.03.012

摘要：

标准化体系建设对生产性服务业高质量、融合发展具有重要作用，目前我国生产性服务业标准化体系尚未完善，在标准覆盖范围、有效供给、国际化等方面还存在诸多发展问题，亟需结合社会需求，建立健全科学规范、技术先进、具有前瞻性和引领性的生产性服务业标准化体系。本文系统分析了国内外生产性服务业标准化的发展现状，研判了生产性服务业标准化的发展趋势，总结了新时代生产性服务业标准化体系建设面临的问题，提出了面向2025 年和2035 年的生产性服务业标准化体系的发展目标、重点方向和实施路径。研究建议，加强健全符合新时代高质量发展需求的生产性服务业标准化体系建设、增加新兴服务业态的标准有效供给、推进生产性服务业与其他行业的标准体系系统衔接、夯实标准化人才基础、推进国际标准化工作，以期为我国现代化经济体系的发展提供标准化技术支撑。

关键词：生产性服务业，标准化体系，标准国际化

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Experimental evaluation of a 35 kVA downdraft gasifier

Ashok Jayawant Rao KECHE, Gaddale AMBA PRASAD RAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0247-9

摘要： Energy conversion systems based on biomass are particularly interesting because biomass utilization effectively closes the carbon cycle besides achieving self-sustainability. Biomass is particularly useful for highly populated and agriculture dependent economic nations like China and India. A compact and cost effective downdraft gasification system was developed. The present paper describes an experimental investigation on a biomass based gasifier engine system with a capacity of 35 kVA for power generation application. The problem of cooling and cleaning the hot and dirty gas from the gasifier has been satisfactorily solved by the effective cooling and filtration system. The gasifier developed is observed to be operation friendly. The quality of gas was evaluated in terms of its composition, conversion efficiency and total particulate matter. The maximum output of the power plant was obtained at the combustion zone temperature of 850oC. The experimental investigations showed that the percentage reduction in total particulate matter is 89.32%. The conversion efficiency of the biomass gasifier is found to be dependent on the operation conditions and fuel properties of the gasifier. The optimum value of equivalence ratio was observed to be 0.3134 for achieving the maximum gas conversion efficiency of the present gasifier configuration.

关键词： biomass gasification producer gas equivalence ratio total particulate matter conversion efficiency of gasifier

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A stepwise process for carbon dioxide sequestration using magnesium silicates

Johan FAGERLUND, Experience NDUAGU, Ron ZEVENHOVEN, Inês ROMÃO,

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 133-141 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0259-5

摘要： This work involves the production of magnesium in the form of Mg(OH) from serpentinite rock (nickel mine tailing) material followed by conversion into MgCO using a pressurised fluidised bed (PFB) reactor operating at 400°C–600°C and pressures up to 2.85MPa. Our approach is rooted in the thermodynamic fact that the reaction between Mg(OH) and gaseous CO forming MgCO and water releases significant amounts of heat. The main problem is, however, the chemical kinetics; the reaction is slow and has to be accelerated in order to be used in an economically viable process for large-scale (~1Mt/a) CO sequestration. We have constructed a lab-scale PFB reactor test-setup for optimising the carbonation reaction. At high enough temperatures and conversion levels the reaction should provide the heat for the proceeding Mg(OH) production step, making the overall process energy neutral. So far we have been able to achieve a conversion degree of 26% at 500°C and 2.85MPa after 30min (particle size 125–212μm). In this paper the test facility and our latest results and progress on CO mineral carbonation are summarised. Also, the possible integration of the iron as a feedstock for iron and steel production will be briefly addressed. An interesting side-effect of this carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) route is that significant amounts of iron are obtained from the serpentinite rock material. This is released during the Mg(OH) production and can be of great interest to the iron- and steel producing sector, which at the same time is Finland’s largest CO producer.

关键词： carbonation reaction reactor producer large-scale process

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Studies on culture condition of new marine bacterium sp. SY01

LAN Wenjian, MO Linfeng, LI Houjin, CAI Chuanghua, ZHOU Yipin, YAO Junhua

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 443-446 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0065-5

摘要： New marine bacterium sp. SY01, producer of prodigiosin, was isolated from the seawaters of Sanya Bay. The culture conditions of this bacterium were investigated. sp. SY01 was cultured in 2216E media which contained tryptophan, histidine, lactonic acid, camphor, limonene, casein, diphenyl guanidine, coumarin and 1,3-dinitrobenzene, respectively. After 5 days cultivation, the extracts of different culture broths were detected by direct infusion mass spectroscopy using positive ESI mode. As the results, tryptophan, histidine and casein didn’t show any observable influences on the biosynthesis of prodigiosin. Lactonic acid, camphor, limonene, diphenyl guanidine, coumarin could inhibit the bacterium growth and prodigiosin biosynthesis to a certain extent, slower the culture broth to turn red. However, 1, 3-dinitrobenzene inhibited the bacteria to produce prodigiosin completely. MS data suggested that various metabolites with chemodiversity were produced in different culture media. In particular, a series of high-molecular-weight compounds with high relative abundances were observed in the medium containing limonene. To further optimize the culture condition, more new prodigiosin analogues and lead compounds can be obtained and the goal of “one strain-many compounds” can be achieved.

关键词： producer high-molecular-weight relative culture different culture

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End-of-life batteries management and material flow analysis in South Korea

Hyunhee Kim, Yong-Chul Jang, Yeonjung Hwang, Youngjae Ko, Hyunmyeong Yun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1019-x

摘要： Consumers increasingly have worn-out batteries as electrical and electronic equipment with new technical developments are introduced into the market and quickly replace older models. As a result, large amounts of end-of-life (EOL) or waste batteries are generated. Such batteries may contain a variety of materials that includes valuable resources as well as toxic elements. Thus, the proper recycling and management of batteries is very important from the perspective of resource conservation and environmental effect. The collection and recycling of EOL batteries is relatively low in South Korea compared to other countries, although an extended producer responsibility (EPR) policy was adopted for battery recycling in 2003. In this study, the management and material flow of EOL batteries is presented to determine potential problems and quantitative flow, based on literature review, site visits to battery recycling facilities, and interviews with experts in the Korea Battery Recycling Association (KBRA), manufacturers, and regulators in government. The results show that approximately 558 tons of manganese-alkaline batteries, the largest fraction among recycling target items, was disposed in landfills or incinerators in 2015, while approximately 2,000 tons of batteries were recovered at a recycling facility by simple sorting and crushing processes. By raising environmental awareness, more diverse and effective collection systems could be established for consumers to easily dispose of EOL batteries in many places. Producers, retailers and distributors in South Korea should also play an important role in the collection of EOL batteries from consumers. Lithium-ion batteries from many electronic devices must be included in the EPR system for resource recovery.

关键词： End-of-life battery Recycling Material flow analysis (MFA) Extended producer responsibility (EPR) Resource recovery