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通过蛋白质工程提高聚酯水解PET 塑料的降解效率 Article

马渊, 姚明东, 李炳志, 丁明珠, 何博, 陈思, 周晓, 元英进

《工程(英文)》 2018年 第4卷 第6期   页码 888-893 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.09.007

摘要:

来自Ideonella sakaiensis 的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯水解(PETase)在室温下具有很强的降解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的能力,因此被认为是解决聚酯塑料污染问题的潜在工具在本研究中,基于PETase 和底物2PET 结合时的相互作用模型,分析了PETase 与底物2PET 之间的相互作用,从而对底物结合沟壑周围的六个关键残基进行改造。为了更加快速地筛选突变体的活性,本研究利用无细胞蛋白表达体系对设计的PETase 突变体进行高通量的表达和验证。最终发现三种突变体(R61A、L88F 和I179F)的活性相比野生型分别提高了1.4 倍、2.1 倍和2.5 倍。因此,本研究通过蛋白质工程对PETase 的关键疏水位点进行设计和改造,获得了降解效果提高的突变体,并进一步证实了其生物降解塑料的潜力。

关键词: 聚酯     PET降解     无细胞蛋白质合成     聚酯     PET    

局部高空间分辨率的应用适应性PET系统设计初探

刘晶晶,谢庆国

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第10期   页码 105-112

摘要:

研制成本可负担的高空间分辨率正电子发射断层成像(positron emission tomography,PET)系统在PET成像应用中具有决定性的意义,也是PET成像面临的关键性挑战之一。设想一种PET系统,能够根据应用的需求对不同性能的探测器进行布局,在一个具体时刻,对部分成像区域获得很高的性能,而在其他的区域获得普通性能。提出了一种应用适应性PET系统原型,由大部分普通固有空间分辨率的探测模块和少量更高甚至极端高固有空间分辨率的探测模块组成。研究了在含有连续放置的一段高固有空间分辨率探测模块的PET系统中,高性能模块的布局位置和数量对视场内不同位置点的空间分辨率的影响。

关键词: 正电子发射断层成像     应用适应性PET系统     感兴趣区域     局部空间分辨率     不同性能探测模块    

F-FDG-PET glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma

《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 913-921 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0874-1

摘要: Epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma is characterized by intractable gelastic seizures. A systematic analysis of the overall brain metabolic pattern in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) could facilitate the understanding of the epileptic brain network and the associated brain damage effects of HH. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 27 patients with epileptogenic HH (8 female patients; age, 2–33 years) by using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. The correlations among tomography result, seizure type, sex, and structural magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. Whole metabolic patterns and voxel-based morphometry findings were assessed by group analysis with healthy controls. Assessment of the whole metabolic pattern in patients with HH revealed several regional metabolic reductions in the cerebrum and an overall metabolic reduction in the cerebellum. In addition, areas showing hypometabolism in the neocortex were more widely distributed ipsilaterally than contralaterally to the HH. Reductions in glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in the neocortex were predominant ipsilateral to the HH. In conclusion, the glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic HH involved the neocortex, subcortical regions, and cerebellum. The characteristics of glucose hypometabolism differed across seizure type and sex. Reductions in glucose metabolism and structural changes may be based on different mechanisms, but both are likely to occur ipsilateral to the HH in the neocortex. We hypothesized that the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract and cerebro-ponto-cerebellar tract, which are responsible for intercommunication between the cerebral cortex, subcortical regions, and cerebellar regions, may be involved in a pathway related to seizure propagation, particularly gelastic seizures, in patients with HH.

关键词: hypothalamic hamartoma     gelastic seizure     fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography     voxel-based morphometry    

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomalcellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 61-75 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1862-8

摘要: Four new fluorescent sensors ( - ) based on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores ( ) have been synthesized based on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor model. These four compounds all gave rise to emission bands centred at 535 nm, which were found to be highly pH dependent, the emission being ‘switched on’ in acidic media, while being quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the at more alkaline pH. The luminescent pH dependence for these probes was found to be highly dependent on the substitution on the imide site, as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino moiety. In the case of sensor the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent quenching. Nevertheless, at higher pH, PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine site. Hence, is better described as a receptor -spacer -fluorophore-spacer -receptor system, where the dominant PET process is due to (normally less favourable) ‘directional’ PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the site. Similar trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for and . These compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells (using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH) and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viability at moderately high concentrations (with IC values between ca. 8‒30 µmol∙L ), but were found to be suitable for intracellular pH determination at 1 µmol∙L concentrations, where no real toxicity was observed. This allowed us to employ these as lysosomal probes at sub-toxic concentrations, where the based emission was found to be pH depended, mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for , with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

关键词: sensors     pH     photoinduced electron transfer     cellular imaging     confocal microscopy    

Solubility of CO in solid-state PET measured by pressure-decay method

CHEN Miaocan, ZHAO Ling, LIU Tao, WU Jiangwei, YUAN Weikang

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 214-219 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0040-1

摘要: The solubility of CO in solid-state PET was measured using a pressure-decay method. In order to calculate the solubility of CO in the amorphous region of PET, the crystallinity of solid state PET dissolved in CO at different pressures and temperatures was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solubility increases with increasing pressure and it follows a linear relationship and obeys Henry’s law when the pressure is below 8 MPa. The effect of temperature on solubility is weak and the solubilities at different temperatures are almost the same under low pressures. At higher pressure, the solubility decreases with an increase in temperature. The solubility of CO in the amorphous region of PET at 373.15 K, 398.15 K and 423.15 K was correlated with the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state with a maximal correlation error of 6.69%.

关键词: Sanchez-Lacombe equation     solid-state PET     different     relationship     calorimetry    

Laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles on PET polymer substrate for printed electronics at different wavelengths

Juan Carlos HERNANDEZ-CASTANEDA, Boon Keng LOK, Hongyu ZHENG

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第15卷 第2期   页码 303-318 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0562-x

摘要: This study explores the feasibility of different laser systems to sinter screen-printed lines from nonconductive copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) on polyethylene terephthalate polymer film. These materials are commonly used in manufacturing functional printed electronics for large-area applications. Here, optical and thermal characterization of the materials is conducted to identify suitable laser sources and process conditions. Direct diode (808 nm), Nd:YAG (1064 nm and second harmonic of 532 nm), and ytterbium fiber (1070 nm) lasers are explored. Optimal parameters for sintering the Cu NPs are identified for each laser system, which targets low resistivity and high processing speed. Finally, the quality of the sintered tracks is quantified, and the laser sintering mechanisms observed under different wavelengths are analyzed. Practical considerations are discussed to improve the laser sintering process of Cu NPs.

关键词: laser sintering     copper nanoparticles     printed electronics    

不同类型意大利蜜蜂MDH Ⅱ同工的研究

陈盛禄,鲍秀良,苏松坤,刘艳荷

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第1期   页码 57-61

摘要: 和中国本地意蜂(本意,Eb)、美国意蜂(美意,Em)、澳大利亚意蜂(澳意Eo)、意大利意蜂(原意,Ee)等5个意大利蜂(Apis mellifera Ligustica)品种试飞前的幼龄工蜂进行了苹果酸脱氢(MDH)同工的基因型、基因型频率、基因频率、杂合度和纯合度的研究。

关键词: 意蜂品种     苹果酸脱氢     基因型     基因频率     杂合度    

Erratum to: On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku KULMAMA,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti KERMINEN,Joni KUJANSUU,Taina RUUSKANEN,Aijun DING,Wei NIE,Min

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0857-7

糖尿病发作后心脏脂蛋白脂肪的变化 Review

Chae Syng Lee, Yajie Zhai, Brian Rodrigues

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第20卷 第1期   页码 19-25 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.06.013

摘要: 但是,心脏无法制造这种底物,而是从多种来源获得脂肪酸,包括通过脂蛋白脂肪(LPL)的作用。脂蛋白脂肪在心肌细胞中产生,随后分泌到质膜上的硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖(HSPG)结合位点。然后为了将脂蛋白脂肪转移到内皮细胞管腔,糖基磷脂酰肌醇锚定的高密度脂蛋白结合蛋白1(GPIHBP1)与间质性脂蛋白脂肪结合,并将其转移到血管管腔,在那里脂蛋白脂肪可将循环中的甘油三酯分解为脂肪酸。内源性-β-葡萄糖醛酸乙酰肝素(Hpa)的独特之处在于,它是唯一已知的哺乳动物,可以裂解硫酸乙酰肝素,从而促进上述脂蛋白脂肪从心肌细胞HSPG中释放。糖尿病发展到中度后,随着葡萄糖利用率的降低,由于Hpa 作用的增强,心脏血管腔内的脂蛋白脂肪活性得到增强。本文探讨了乙酰肝素、脂蛋白脂肪和血管内皮生长因子B之间的相互联系及其在糖尿病性心肌病中的潜在影响。

关键词: 心脏代谢     脂蛋白脂肪     乙酰肝素     血管内皮生长因子     糖尿病性心肌病    

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia with masses and osteolytic lesions: finding of 18F-FDG PET

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 440-444 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0523-x

摘要:

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia is controversial and difficult to distinguish from the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. As a myeloid neoplasm, rare cases of this leukemia manifest multiple soft-tissue tumors or bone lytic lesions. In this paper, we describe a 49-year-old male patient who had an abrupt onset with sharp chest pain, fever, fatigue, emaciation, and splenomegaly. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) result showed diffuse and uneven hypermetabolic lesions in the bone marrow with peripheral bone marrow expansion, multiple soft tissue neoplasms with high 18F-FDG uptake, and lytic bone lesions. Bone marrow smear and biopsy detected aberrant blast cells expressing myeloid rather than lymphoid immunophenotype marker. For the existence of Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL1 fusion gene together with complex chromosome abnormalities, a diagnosis of Philadelphia-positive acute myeloid leukemia was made, although the type (de novo or blast crisis) remained unclear.

关键词: Philadelphia chromosome     acute myeloid leukemia     mass     osteolysis     positron emission tomography    

利用异源组合构建酿酒酵母中咖啡酸的生物合成 Article

刘岚清, 刘宏, 张伟, 姚明东, 李炳志, 刘夺, 元英进

《工程(英文)》 2019年 第5卷 第2期   页码 287-295 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.029

摘要: 通过从几种细菌中筛选HpaB和HpaC两种,本文在酿酒酵母中构建了具有活性的4-羟基苯乙酸3-羟化(4 HPA3H),它可以发挥植物源细胞色素P450的相似作用,用于生产咖啡酸。在与一个共同的酪氨酸氨裂解(TAL)协同作用下,不同的异源HpaB和HpaC组合在将底物L-酪氨酸转化为目标产物咖啡酸上展现出不同能力。以铜绿假单胞菌的HpaB和肠沙门氏菌的HpaC的异源组合可生产最高咖啡酸产量,摇瓶培养下可达到(289.4 ± 4.6)mg·L−1。酵母底盘细胞与异源的相容性得到了有效的改善,咖啡酸的产量比初始值提高了40倍。铜绿假单胞菌HpaB中黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)结合域周围的6个关键氨基酸残基与其他细菌来源的HpaB有明显区别,可能在影响活性方面起关键作用。

关键词: 酿酒酵母     咖啡酸     异源     细胞色素P450     合成生物学    

PET imaging on neurofunctional changes after optogenetic stimulation in a rat model of panic disorder

Xiao He, Chentao Jin, Mindi Ma, Rui Zhou, Shuang Wu, Haoying Huang, Yuting Li, Qiaozhen Chen, Mingrong Zhang, Hong Zhang, Mei Tian

《医学前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 602-609 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0704-x

摘要: Panic disorder (PD) is an acute paroxysmal anxiety disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology. The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is involved in the genesis of PD. However, the downstream neurofunctional changes of the dPAG during panic attacks have yet to be evaluated . In this study, optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG was performed to induce panic-like behaviors, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with F-flurodeoxyglucose ( F-FDG) was conducted to evaluate neurofunctional changes before and after the optogenetic stimulation. Compared with the baseline, post-optogenetic stimulation PET imaging demonstrated that the glucose metabolism significantly increased ( <0.001) in dPAG, the cuneiform nucleus, the cerebellar lobule, the cingulate cortex, the alveus of the hippocampus, the primary visual cortex, the septohypothalamic nucleus, and the retrosplenial granular cortex but significantly decreased ( <0.001) in the basal ganglia, the frontal cortex, the forceps minor corpus callosum, the primary somatosensory cortex, the primary motor cortex, the secondary visual cortex, and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Taken together, these data indicated that PET imaging can successfully detect downstream neurofunctional changes involved in the panic attacks after optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG.

关键词: panic disorder (PD)     positron emission tomography (PET)     optogenetics     dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG)    

Influence of recycled polyethylene terephthalate fibres on plastic shrinkage and mechanical properties of concrete

Necat ÖZAŞIK; Özgür EREN

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 792-802 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0849-6

摘要: Polyethylene terephthalate bottles production has drastically increased year after year due to high versatility of polyethylene terephthalate plastics and considerable consumption of beverages. In tandem with that increase, the major concern of society has been the improper disposal of this non-biodegradable material to the environment. To deal with this concern, recycled polyethylene terephthalate bottles were incorporated in concrete as fibre reinforcements in this study. The objective of this research is to evaluate the mechanical properties of recycled polyethylene terephthalate fibre reinforced concrete (RPFRC) in comparison with control concrete without fibres. polyethylene terephthalate fibres with three different diameters (0.45, 0.65, and 1.0 mm) and two lengths (20 and 30 mm) were added at various proportions (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) by volume of concrete in order to determine the effect of fibres initially on compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete. The results revealed that none of the fibres have detrimental effects up to 1% volume fraction, however further addition caused slight reductions on mechanical properties in some conditions. Plastic shrinkage resistance and impact resistance tests were also performed according to related standards. Polyethylene terephthalate fibres were observed to have marked improvements on those properties. Such a good performance could be attributed primarily to the bridging effect of fibres.

关键词: recycled PET     fibre-reinforced concrete     mechanical properties     plastic shrinkage     impact energy    

Quantitative proteomics revealed extensive microenvironmental changes after stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke

《医学前沿(英文)》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 429-441 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0842-9

摘要: The local microenvironment is essential to stem cell-based therapy for ischemic stroke, and spatiotemporal changes of the microenvironment in the pathological process provide vital clues for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms. However, relevant studies on microenvironmental changes were mainly confined in the acute phase of stroke, and long-term changes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases of ischemic stroke after stem cell transplantation. Herein, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) were transplanted into the ischemic brain established by middle cerebral artery occlusion surgery. Positron emission tomography imaging and neurological tests were applied to evaluate the metabolic and neurofunctional alterations of rats transplanted with stem cells. Quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the protein expression profiles in iPSCs-transplanted brain in the subacute and chronic phases of stroke. Compared with NSCs-transplanted rats, significantly increased glucose metabolism and neurofunctional scores were observed in iPSCs-transplanted rats. Subsequent proteomic data of iPSCs-transplanted rats identified a total of 39 differentially expressed proteins in the subacute and chronic phases, which are involved in various ischemic stroke-related biological processes, including neuronal survival, axonal remodeling, antioxidative stress, and mitochondrial function restoration. Taken together, our study indicated that iPSCs have a positive therapeutic effect in ischemic stroke and emphasized the wide-ranging microenvironmental changes in the subacute and chronic phases.

关键词: ischemic stroke     microenvironment     induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)     positron emission tomography (PET)     quantitative proteomics    

On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku Kulmala,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti Kerminen,Joni Kujansuu,Taina Ruuskanen,Aijun Ding,Wei Nie,Min

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0850-1

摘要: Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. In China, new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels (condensation sink about 0.1s ) in several megacities. A holistic scientific understanding on the atmospheric phenomena associated with air quality as a whole, as well as on the connection between air quality and climate, is lacking at the moment.With a network of observation stations, we will be able to understand the interactions and feedbacks associated with the urban pollution mixture, and ultimately, are ready to make targeted strategies for the pollution control. This paper summaries the recent advances in studying secondary new aerosol formation in China and shows how increased process-level understanding will help us to understand air quality-climate-weather interactions and how the feedbacks and interactions affect the air quality in highly-polluted environments such as those frequently encountered in Chinese megacities. Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. However, in all environments there appears to be a threshold value of the condensation sink (due to pre-existing aerosol particles) after which the formation rate of 3 nm particles is no longer detected. In China, new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels (condensation sink about 0.1 s ) in several megacities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing as well as in Pearl River Delta (PRD). Here we summarize the recent findings obtained from these studies and discuss the various implications these findings will have on future research and policy.

关键词: Aerosol particles     Heavily-polluted environments     Condensation sink     New particle production     Megacities    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

通过蛋白质工程提高聚酯水解PET 塑料的降解效率

马渊, 姚明东, 李炳志, 丁明珠, 何博, 陈思, 周晓, 元英进

期刊论文

局部高空间分辨率的应用适应性PET系统设计初探

刘晶晶,谢庆国

期刊论文

F-FDG-PET glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma

期刊论文

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomalcellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

期刊论文

Solubility of CO in solid-state PET measured by pressure-decay method

CHEN Miaocan, ZHAO Ling, LIU Tao, WU Jiangwei, YUAN Weikang

期刊论文

Laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles on PET polymer substrate for printed electronics at different wavelengths

Juan Carlos HERNANDEZ-CASTANEDA, Boon Keng LOK, Hongyu ZHENG

期刊论文

不同类型意大利蜜蜂MDH Ⅱ同工的研究

陈盛禄,鲍秀良,苏松坤,刘艳荷

期刊论文

Erratum to: On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku KULMAMA,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti KERMINEN,Joni KUJANSUU,Taina RUUSKANEN,Aijun DING,Wei NIE,Min

期刊论文

糖尿病发作后心脏脂蛋白脂肪的变化

Chae Syng Lee, Yajie Zhai, Brian Rodrigues

期刊论文

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia with masses and osteolytic lesions: finding of 18F-FDG PET

null

期刊论文

利用异源组合构建酿酒酵母中咖啡酸的生物合成

刘岚清, 刘宏, 张伟, 姚明东, 李炳志, 刘夺, 元英进

期刊论文

PET imaging on neurofunctional changes after optogenetic stimulation in a rat model of panic disorder

Xiao He, Chentao Jin, Mindi Ma, Rui Zhou, Shuang Wu, Haoying Huang, Yuting Li, Qiaozhen Chen, Mingrong Zhang, Hong Zhang, Mei Tian

期刊论文

Influence of recycled polyethylene terephthalate fibres on plastic shrinkage and mechanical properties of concrete

Necat ÖZAŞIK; Özgür EREN

期刊论文

Quantitative proteomics revealed extensive microenvironmental changes after stem cell transplantation in ischemic stroke

期刊论文

On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku Kulmala,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti Kerminen,Joni Kujansuu,Taina Ruuskanen,Aijun Ding,Wei Nie,Min

期刊论文